Stem cells supporting other stem cells

Leatherman, Judith L.

doi:10.3389/fgene.2013.00257

Cited by 33 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Coordination of self-renewal and differentiation among different stem cell populations should be essential for maintaining tissue homeostasis [21, 34]. For example, in the bone marrow, endothelial cells and perivascular components create critical niche for haematopoietic stem cells maintenance through secretion of various factors [11, 20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential interactions between pericytes and oligodendrocyte precursor cells in perivascular regions of cerebral white matter

Maki

Maeda

Uemura

et al. 2015

Neuroscience Letters

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Pericytes are embedded within basal lamina and play multiple roles in the perivascular niche in brain. Recently, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) have also been reported to associate with cerebral endothelium. Is it possible that within this gliovascular locus, there may also exist potential spatial and functional interactions between pericytes and OPCs? Here, we demonstrated that in the perivascular region of cerebral white matter, pericytes and OPCs may attach and support each other. Immunostaining showed that pericytes and OPCs are localized in close contact with each other in mouse white matter at postnatal days 0, 60 and 240. Electron microscopic analysis confirmed that pericytes attached to OPCs via basal lamina in the perivascular region. The close proximity between these two cell types was also observed in postmortem human brains. Functional interaction between pericytes and OPCs was assessed by in vitro media transfer experiments. When OPC cultures were treated with pericyte-conditioned media, OPC number increased. Similarly, pericyte number increased when pericytes were maintained in OPC-conditioned media. Taken together, our data suggest a potential anatomical and functional interaction between pericytes and OPCs in cerebral white matter.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential interactions between pericytes and oligodendrocyte precursor cells in perivascular regions of cerebral white matter

Maki

Maeda

Uemura

et al. 2015

Neuroscience Letters

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“…It is now widely accepted that in adult organisms stem cells contribute to tissue homeostasis and repair through paracrine mechanisms, along with a mere integration into existing tissue architecture ( Wang et al, 2014 ). Trophic factors combined with immunomodulatory molecules often represent the main mechanism responsible for the functional improvements exerted by transplanted stem cells ( Uccelli et al, 2008 ; Leatherman, 2013 ). Released nucleotides and nucleosides behave as trophic, differentiating, and immunomodulatory molecules in many physiological and pathological events, through autocrine and paracrine mechanisms ( Glaser et al, 2012 ).…”

Section: Purinergic Ligands Are Ancient and Widespread Mediators Of Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Purinergic signaling: a common pathway for neural and mesenchymal stem cell maintenance and differentiation

Cavaliere

Donno

D’Ambrosi

2015

Front. Cell. Neurosci.

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Extracellular ATP, related nucleotides and adenosine are among the earliest signaling molecules, operating in virtually all tissues and cells. Through their specific receptors, namely purinergic P1 for nucleosides and P2 for nucleotides, they are involved in a wide array of physiological effects ranging from neurotransmission and muscle contraction to endocrine secretion, vasodilation, immune response, and fertility. The purinergic system also participates in the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells from different niches. In particular, both mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and neural stem cells are endowed with several purinergic receptors and ecto-nucleotide metabolizing enzymes, and release extracellular purines that mediate autocrine and paracrine growth/proliferation, pro- or anti-apoptotic processes, differentiation-promoting effects and immunomodulatory actions. Here, we discuss the often opposing roles played by ATP and adenosine in adult neurogenesis in both physiological and pathological conditions, as well as in adipogenic and osteogenic MSC differentiation. We also focus on how purinergic ligands produced and released by transplanted stem cells can be regarded as ideal candidates to mediate the crosstalk with resident stem cell niches, promoting cell growth and survival, regulating inflammation and, therefore, contributing to local tissue homeostasis and repair.

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“…78,[83][84][85][86] Taking into account that (i) in most individuals, ELs retain their pigment considerably longer than in human scalp, beard or body hair; 87 (ii) the rapid cyclic regeneration of the HF pigmentary unit requires a highly functional reservoir of HF melanocyte stem cells; 78 epithelial stem cells, [88][89][90] ELHFs must contain a pool of melanocyte and epithelial HF stem cells.…”

Section: Eyelash Hair Follicle Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology of the eyelash hair follicle: an enigma in plain sight

et al. 2016

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Because of their crucial impact on our perception of beauty, eyelashes constitute a prime target for the cosmetic industry. However, when compared with other hair shafts and the mini-organs that produce them [eyelash hair follicles (ELHFs)], knowledge on the biology underlying growth and pigmentation of eyelashes is still rudimentary. This is due in part to the extremely restricted availability of human ELHFs for experimental study, underappreciation of their important sensory and protective functions and insufficient interest in understanding why they are distinct from scalp hair follicles (HFs) (e.g. ELHFs produce shorter hair shafts, do not possess an arrector pili muscle, have a shorter hair cycle and undergo greying significantly later than scalp HFs). Here we synthesize the limited current knowledge on the biology of ELHFs, in humans and other species, their role in health and disease, the known similarities with and differences from other HF populations, and their intrinsic interethnic variations. We define major open questions in the biology of these intriguing mini-organs and conclude by proposing future research directions. These include dissecting the molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie trichomegaly and the development of in vitro models in order to interrogate the distinct molecular controls of ELHF growth, cycling and pigmentation and to probe novel strategies for the therapeutic and cosmetic manipulation of ELHFs beyond prostaglandin receptor stimulation.

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Stem cells supporting other stem cells

Cited by 33 publications

References 67 publications

Potential interactions between pericytes and oligodendrocyte precursor cells in perivascular regions of cerebral white matter

Potential interactions between pericytes and oligodendrocyte precursor cells in perivascular regions of cerebral white matter

Purinergic signaling: a common pathway for neural and mesenchymal stem cell maintenance and differentiation

Biology of the eyelash hair follicle: an enigma in plain sight

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