Steering the Properties of MoOx Hole Transporting Layers in OPVs and OLEDs: Interface Morphology vs. Electronic Structure

Marchal, Wouter; Verboven, Inge; Kesters, Jurgen; Moeremans, Boaz; Dobbelaere, Christopher De; Bonneux, Gilles; Elen, Ken; Conings, Bert; Maes, Wouter; Boyen, H.‐G.; Deferme, Wim; Bael, Marlies K. Van; Hardy, An

doi:10.3390/ma10020123

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The smallest band offset (1.13 eV) between the valence band edge of V 0.05 MoO x and P3HT HOMO level favored the hole transport due to having the lowest resistance among all V-MoO x films [ 111 ]. Marchal et al reported a decrease of 3 nm in the surface roughness of MoO x HTL by adding 0.5 mol% of Zr and Sn via a combustion chemical deposition method at low temperatures [ 112 ]. The Zr and Sn atoms also covered the surface defects of MoO x , forming a uniform and well-covered HTL film on the ITO electrode (see Figure 4 a).…”

Section: Hole-transporting Materials As Htls In Oscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in Hole-Transporting Layers for Organic Solar Cells

et al. 2022

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Global energy demand is increasing; thus, emerging renewable energy sources, such as organic solar cells (OSCs), are fundamental to mitigate the negative effects of fuel consumption. Within OSC’s advancements, the development of efficient and stable interface materials is essential to achieve high performance, long-term stability, low costs, and broader applicability. Inorganic and nanocarbon-based materials show a suitable work function, tunable optical/electronic properties, stability to the presence of moisture, and facile solution processing, while organic conducting polymers and small molecules have some advantages such as fast and low-cost production, solution process, low energy payback time, light weight, and less adverse environmental impact, making them attractive as hole transporting layers (HTLs) for OSCs. This review looked at the recent progress in metal oxides, metal sulfides, nanocarbon materials, conducting polymers, and small organic molecules as HTLs in OSCs over the past five years. The endeavors in research and technology have optimized the preparation and deposition methods of HTLs. Strategies of doping, composite/hybrid formation, and modifications have also tuned the optical/electrical properties of these materials as HTLs to obtain efficient and stable OSCs. We highlighted the impact of structure, composition, and processing conditions of inorganic and organic materials as HTLs in conventional and inverted OSCs.

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Section: Hole-transporting Materials As Htls In Oscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… ( a ) AFM and SEM images of unmodified and modified MoOx HTL. Adapted with permission from [ 112 ]. ( b ) Energy levels of pristine and doped MoO 3 with a NiOx layer.…”

Section: Figures Schemes and Tablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Hole-Transporting Layers for Organic Solar Cells

et al. 2022

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“…Therefore, to achieve high PE, γ should be high while U should be low. Due to the unfavorable energy barriers between different layers together with the fact that electrons are minor charges in organic materials, charges balance and transport are usually unsatisfactory [ 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 ]. Therefore, charges should be not only well balanced but also effectively transported.…”

Section: Parameters To Characterize Woledsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies to Achieve High-Performance White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

Zhang

Luo

et al. 2017

Materials

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As one of the most promising technologies for next-generation lighting and displays, white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) have received enormous worldwide interest due to their outstanding properties, including high efficiency, bright luminance, wide viewing angle, fast switching, lower power consumption, ultralight and ultrathin characteristics, and flexibility. In this invited review, the main parameters which are used to characterize the performance of WOLEDs are introduced. Subsequently, the state-of-the-art strategies to achieve high-performance WOLEDs in recent years are summarized. Specifically, the manipulation of charges and excitons distribution in the four types of WOLEDs (fluorescent WOLEDs, phosphorescent WOLEDs, thermally activated delayed fluorescent WOLEDs, and fluorescent/phosphorescent hybrid WOLEDs) are comprehensively highlighted. Moreover, doping-free WOLEDs are described. Finally, issues and ways to further enhance the performance of WOLEDs are briefly clarified.

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“…Orthorhombic MoO 3 is an n-type semiconductor with a wide band gap (about 3.2 eV) and a high relative permittivity [4]. Therefore, MoO 3 can be used, among others, in batteries, resistive random-access memories, sensors, and organic light-emitting diodes [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. An additional important aspect of MoO 3 is its layered structure, i.e., its adjacent two-dimensional (2D) crystalline layers are bound by weak van der Waals interactions [2,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrostimulation and Nanomanipulation of Two-Dimensional MoO3-x Layers Grown on Graphite

et al. 2023

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Molybdenum trioxide shows many attractive properties, such as a wide electronic band gap and a high relative permittivity. Monolayers of this material are particularly important, as they offer new avenues in optoelectronic devices, e.g., to alter the properties of graphene electrodes. Nanoscale electrical characterization is essential for potential applications of monolayer molybdenum trioxide. We present a conductive atomic force microscopy study of an epitaxially grown 2D molybdenum oxide layer on a graphene-like substrate, such as highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). Monolayers were also investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy (semi-contact and contact mode), Kelvin probe force microscopy, and lateral force microscopy. We demonstrate mobility of the unpinned island under slight mechanical stress as well as shaping and detachment of the material with applied electrical stimulation. Non-stoichiometric MoO3-x monolayers show heterogeneous behavior in terms of electrical conductivity, which can be related to the crystalline domains and defects in the structure. Different regions show various I–V characteristics, which are correlated with their susceptibility to electrodegradation. In this work, we cover the existing gap regarding nanomanipulation and electrical nanocharacterization of the MoO3 monolayer.

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Steering the Properties of MoOx Hole Transporting Layers in OPVs and OLEDs: Interface Morphology vs. Electronic Structure

Cited by 7 publications

References 58 publications

Recent Advances in Hole-Transporting Layers for Organic Solar Cells

Recent Advances in Hole-Transporting Layers for Organic Solar Cells

Strategies to Achieve High-Performance White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

Electrostimulation and Nanomanipulation of Two-Dimensional MoO3-x Layers Grown on Graphite

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