Steel slag filters to upgrade phosphorus removal in small wastewater treatment plants: Removal mechanisms and performance

Barca, Cristian; Meyer, Daniel; Liira, Martin; Drissen, Peter; Comeau, Yves; Andrès, Yves; Chazarenc, Florent

doi:10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.03.065

Cited by 102 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Recycling and re-use of industrial and agricultural wastes as phosphorus adsorbents is environmentally friendly, and cost-effective. Coal fly ash, slag, red mud, alum sludge, cow bone, peat, oyster shell, scallop shell, wheat straw and iron oxide tailings have been used to remove phosphate (Barca et al, 2014;Wajima and Rakovan, 2013). Nevertheless, some drawbacks, such as, too expensive or too much sludge production and also heavy metals contamination, make them inappropriate to be use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Kinetic and equilibrium studies of phosphorous adsorption: Effect of physical and chemical properties of adsorption agent

Oliveira

Araujo

Azevedo

et al. 2015

Ecological Engineering

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Kinetic and equilibrium studies of phosphorous adsorption: Effect of physical and chemical properties of adsorption agent

Oliveira

Araujo

Azevedo

et al. 2015

Ecological Engineering

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“…One of the types of steel slag is an electric arc furnace (EAF) slag which is a by-product of melting recycled scrap in an electric arc furnace during the steel-making [9]. The significant contribution of steel slag in phosphate removal is generally due to high concentration of metal (Ca, Fe, Al, Mg) oxides [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons Study of Phosphate Removal in Unaerated and Aerated High Calcium Steel Slag Filter System of Different pH Feed

et al. 2017

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Abstract.Excess phosphorus in water body will lead to eutrophication. This study investigated the phosphate removal efficiencies of unaerated and aerated filter systems using high composition of Calcium (Ca) steel slag as the filter media at different pH values of the wastewater influents. Lab-scale filters were developed using 25 mg/L synthetic wastewater and weekly sampling was done to monitor the phosphate removal efficiencies together with the concentration of metals (Calcium (Ca) and Magnesium (Mg). The results show that both unaerated and aerated systems have excellent phosphate removal efficiency at all acidic, neutral and alkaline pH feed, though unaerated systems removed slightly better compared to aerated systems; 76-98% and 69-97% respectively. The dominant phosphate removal mechanism for aerated systems was adsorption, meanwhilefor unaerated systems; both adsorption and precipitation for acidic and neutral pH, whileprecipitation was more dominant at basic pH. The performance of unaerated systems are slightly better compared to aerated systems, however, aerated systems are recommended to be applied when simultaneous removal of nutrients (phosphorus and nitrogen) are concerned.

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“…Previous studies have documented the effectiveness of ferrous slag as a sorbent to remove nutrients and trace elements from solution to control unwanted anthropogenic emissions, as summarized by Piatak et al [1]. Numerous studies have documented the effectiveness of using steelmaking slag to remove phosphorus (P) from wastewaters and agricultural runoff [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Ferrous slag has also been shown to be an effective acid-neutralizing agent with applications in the treatment of acid-mine drainage from coal and base-metal operations [16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical Characterization of Iron and Steel Slag and Its Potential to Remove Phosphate and Neutralize Acid

et al. 2019

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Iron and steel slags from legacy and modern operations in the Chicago-Gary area of Illinois and Indiana, USA, are predominantly composed of Ca (10–44 wt. % CaO), Fe (0.3–28 wt. % FeO), and Si (10–44 wt. % SiO2), with generally lesser amounts of Al (<1–15 wt. % Al2O3), Mg (2–11 wt. % MgO), and Mn (0.3–9 wt. % MnO). Mineralogy is dominated by Ca ± Mg ± Al silicates, Fe ± Ca oxides, Ca-carbonates, and high-temperature SiO2 phases. Chromium and Mn concentrations in most samples may be environmentally significant based on comparison with generic soil contaminant guidelines. However, simulated weathering tests suggest these elements are present in generally insoluble phases making their use in water treatment applications possible; however, the generation of high pH and alkaline solutions may be an issue. As for possible water treatment applications, batch and flow-through experiments document effective removal of phosphate from synthetic solutions for nearly all slag samples. Air-cooled fine fractions (<10 mm) of modern slag were most effective; other types, including modern granulated, modern air-cooled coarse fractions (>10 mm), and legacy slag removed phosphate, but to a lesser degree. An additional water treatment application is the use of slag to neutralize acidic waters. Most slag samples are extremely alkaline and have high net neutralization potentials (NNP) (400–830 kg CaCO3/t), with the highest approximately equivalent to 80% of the neutralization potential of calcite. Overall, phosphate removal capacity and NNP correlate positively with total Ca content and the dissolution of Ca minerals facilitates secondary Ca phosphate formation and consumes acid during hydrolysis. Utilizing locally available slag to treat waste or agricultural waters in this region may be a higher value alternative than use in construction, potentially offsetting restoration costs to degraded legacy areas and decreasing steel manufacturers’ current waste footprint.

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Steel slag filters to upgrade phosphorus removal in small wastewater treatment plants: Removal mechanisms and performance

Cited by 102 publications

References 31 publications

Kinetic and equilibrium studies of phosphorous adsorption: Effect of physical and chemical properties of adsorption agent

Kinetic and equilibrium studies of phosphorous adsorption: Effect of physical and chemical properties of adsorption agent

Comparisons Study of Phosphate Removal in Unaerated and Aerated High Calcium Steel Slag Filter System of Different pH Feed

Geochemical Characterization of Iron and Steel Slag and Its Potential to Remove Phosphate and Neutralize Acid

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