Steam output from fumaroles of an active volcano: Tectonic and magmatic‐hydrothermal controls on the degassing system at Vulcano (Aeolian arc)

Italiano, Francesco; Pecoraino, Giovannella; Nuccio, P. M.

doi:10.1029/98jb02237

Cited by 54 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Our mean CO 2 flux of~490 t d −1 (average of the two surveys) is between 2 and 6 times larger than that of the CO 2 flux diffusely degassed from soils in the Vulcano Porto area (Chiodini et al, 1996), highlighting that the central conduit system feeding the fumaroles is the main gas transfer path. We also evaluate a mean H 2 O flux of~400 t d −1 , close to earlier estimates by Italiano et al (1998) and Chiodini et al (2005). We additionally confirm that the H 2 O flux is also larger during La Fossa heating events than in "cold" periods (580 t d −1 in November 2009 and 225 t d −1 in February 2010); supporting the idea that recurrent heating unrests on La Fossa fumarolic field reflect an enhanced rate of hot (deep rising) gas transport to the surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

UV camera measurements of fumarole field degassing (La Fossa crater, Vulcano Island)

Tamburello

Kantzas

McGonigle

et al. 2011

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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The UV camera is becoming an important new tool in the armory of volcano geochemists to derive high time resolution SO 2 flux measurements. Furthermore, the high camera spatial resolution is particularly useful for exploring multiple-source SO 2 gas emissions, for instance the composite fumarolic systems topping most quiescent volcanoes. Here, we report on the first SO 2 flux measurements from individual fumaroles of the fumarolic field of La Fossa crater (Vulcano Island, Aeolian Island), which we performed using a UV camera in two field campaigns: in November 12, 2009 and February 4, 2010. We derived~0.5 Hz SO 2 flux time-series finding fluxes from individual fumaroles, ranging from 2 to 8.7 t d −1 , with a total emission from the entire system of~20 t d −1 and~13 t d −1 , in November 2009 and February 2010 respectively. These data were augmented with molar H 2 S/SO 2 , CO 2 /SO 2 and H 2 O/SO 2 ratios, measured using a portable MultiGAS analyzer, for the individual fumaroles. Using the SO 2 flux data in tandem with the molar ratios, we calculated the flux of volcanic species from individual fumaroles, and the crater as a whole: CO 2 (684 t d −1 and 293 t d −1 ), H 2 S (8 t d −1 and 7.5 t d −1 ) and H 2 O (580 t d −1 and 225 t d −1 ).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

UV camera measurements of fumarole field degassing (La Fossa crater, Vulcano Island)

Tamburello

Kantzas

McGonigle

et al. 2011

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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“…Different authors (e.g. Montalto 1996;Italiano et al 1998;Capasso et al 1999;Chiodini et al 2005) have ascribed hydrothermal system variations at the Fossa crater either to changes in regional tectonic factors or to magma migration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double origin of hydrothermal convective flux variations in the Fossa of Vulcano (Italy)

Aubert

Diliberto

Finizola³

et al. 2007

Bull Volcanol

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International audienceSoil-temperature measurements can provide information on the distribution of degassing fissures, their relationship to the internal structure of the volcano, and the temporal evolution of the system. At Vulcano Island (Italy), heat flux from a <3 km-deep magma body drives a hydrothermal system which extends across the main Fossa crater. This heat flux is also associated with variable magmatic gas flow. A high-density map of soil-temperatures was made in 1996 at a constant depth of 30 cm on the central and southern inner flanks of the Fossa crater. These measurements extended over an area covering about 0.04 km2, across which the heat flux is predominantly associated with a shallow boiling aquifer. The map shows that hot zones relate to structures of higher permeability, mainly associated with a fissure system dating from the last eruptive cycle (1888–1890). From 1996 to January 2005, we studied the evolution of the heat flux for the high temperature part of the map, both by repeating our measurements as part of 14 visits, during which temperatures were measured at a constant depth, and using data from permanent stations which allowed soil-temperatures to be continuously measured for selected vertical profiles. These data allowed us to calculate the heat flux, and its variation, with good precision for values lower than about 100 W m−2, which is generally the case in the study area. Above 100 W m−2, although the heat flux value is underestimated, its variations are recorded with an error less than 10%. During the period 1996–2004, two increases in the thermal flux were recorded. The first one was related to the seismic crisis of November 1998 which opened existing or new fissures. The second, in November 2004, was probably due to magma migration, and was associated with minor seismic activity

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“…En un segundo estadio, se observa un incremento tanto en la tasa de emisión difusa, como en la visible. Estos niveles de emisión difusa permanecen relativamente constantes (2001)(2002)(2003) (Pérez et al, 2000), Vulcano, Italia (Baubron et al, 1990;Chiodini et al, 1998;Italiano et al, 1998) o Etna, Italia, (Allard et al, 1991) se han realizado comparaciones entre las emisiones visibles y difusas de CO 2 . Pérez et al (2000) encontró que la relación desgasificación difusa/pluma para las emisiones de CO 2 en el volcán Masaya, Nicaragua, es del orden de 9.…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

“…Pérez et al (2000) encontró que la relación desgasificación difusa/pluma para las emisiones de CO 2 en el volcán Masaya, Nicaragua, es del orden de 9. El estudio realizado en Vulcano, Italia, puso de manifiesto la importante cantidad de CO 2 emitida por este sistema volcánico de forma difusa y que se estima tres veces superior a la emisión del cráter en forma visible (Baubron et al, 1990;Chiodini et al, 1998;Italiano et al, 1998). La presencia de la laguna cratérica en el Poás disminuye de forma importante las emisiones visibles en el Poás.…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

Emisión difusa de CO2 y actividad volcánica en el volcán Poás, Costa Rica

Melián

Pérez

Hernández

et al. 2009

Rev. Geol. Amér. Central

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Steam output from fumaroles of an active volcano: Tectonic and magmatic‐hydrothermal controls on the degassing system at Vulcano (Aeolian arc)

Cited by 54 publications

References 23 publications

UV camera measurements of fumarole field degassing (La Fossa crater, Vulcano Island)

UV camera measurements of fumarole field degassing (La Fossa crater, Vulcano Island)

Double origin of hydrothermal convective flux variations in the Fossa of Vulcano (Italy)

Emisión difusa de CO2 y actividad volcánica en el volcán Poás, Costa Rica

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