Steam cracking of coal-derived oils and model compounds1. Cracking of tetralin and t-decalin

Hillebrand, W. F.; Hodek, W.; Kölling, Georg

doi:10.1016/0016-2361(84)90063-2

Cited by 37 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Based on the observations in Figures and b, it is possible that the main factor that affects the THN-to-H 2 reaction is the quantity of active Mo sulfide sites recovered by coke removal. It seems that the trends of this THN fraction reached asymptotes in 8 min, approximately 4, 6, 8, and 13% at 340, 360, 380, and 400 °C, respectively, suggesting that the reaction is reversible as reported in the literature. , …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

“…It seems that the trends of this THN fraction reached asymptotes in 8 min, approximately 4, 6, 8, and 13% at 340, 360, 380, and 400 °C, respectively, suggesting that the reaction is reversible as reported in the literature. 24,36 Figure 6c shows the changes of THN converted for the generation of DE and NA in the THN treatment determined by eq 3. Apparently, this reaction did not start immediately upon heating and is barely observable in 10 min at 300−360 °C.…”

Section: Energy and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coke Removal from a Deactivated Industrial Diesel Hydrogenation Catalyst by Tetralin at 300–400 °C

Shi

Liu

et al. 2019

Energy Fuels

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Coke deposition on hydrotreating catalysts is one of the main reasons of deactivation. In situ coke removal is advantageous compared to the off-site coke removal. This paper studies tetralin (THN) treatment of a deactivated industrial diesel hydrogenation Mo−Co−Ni/W−Al catalyst at conditions similar to the operation, 300−400 °C without H 2 . The results show that the coke on the Mo sulfide sites, corresponding to 19−23% total coke, can be removed in 3 min to fully restore the catalyst's activity. The coke on the support cannot be removed. On the basis of the temperature-programmed oxidation, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and electron spin resonance, coke removal mechanism is discussed, which includes activation of H radicals in THN by the Mo sulfide sites and hydrogenation of coke by the H radicals. The minimal requirement for the coke removal is 340 °C for 3 min. The side reactions of THN are significant at higher temperatures and longer treatment times. The radical concentration of coke on the Mo sulfide sites is similar to that of lignites and is approximately 10 times the coke on the catalyst support.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Energy and Fuelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coke Removal from a Deactivated Industrial Diesel Hydrogenation Catalyst by Tetralin at 300–400 °C

Shi

Liu

et al. 2019

Energy Fuels

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“…The importance of wall effects for the gas-phase reactions remains obscure, especially for dehydrogenation that has been discussed both as totally heterogeneous139 and totally homogeneous.142 To minimize these,134,139,142, 144 Bergman and co-workers138 carried out pulsed-laser-powered, SiF4-sensitized thermolyses at >650 °C and 40 Pa of 28. The results suggested three primary products: benzocyclobutene (56) in a relative amount (~60% at ~700 °C) greater than in any other study; 2-allyltoluene (57) (~20%), which was not reported in other studies; and 1,2-dihydronaphthalene (42) (~10%).…”

Section: Homolysis Of 12-bis (1 -Naphthyl)ethane In Liquid Tetralinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free-radical thermolysis and hydrogenolysis of model hydrocarbons relevant to processing of coal

Poutsma¹

1990

Energy Fuels

210

184

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Mechanisms me reviewed for thermal decomposition of selected hydrocarbons that serve as models for processing of coal. The hydrocarbon classes emphasized are aromatics, alkylaromatics, a,o-diarylalkanes, and hydroaromatics, especially tetralin. Perturbations by added sources of hydrogen, especially H2 and hydroaromatics, are also covered. Free-radical pathways dominate. Emphasis is placed on quantitative understanding of elementary radical processes for bond breaking, bond making, and hydrogen transfer and on the response of the competitions among these to hydrocarbon structure and reaction conditions. Selected implications for coal processing are drawn.

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“…The advantages of catalytic activity and dispersion on polymer-encapsulated nanoparticles were verified by comparison with various properties of the octadecylamine-stabilized NP, Pd@18N. As a typical component of endothermic hydrocarbon fuels, − decalin was selected as a model to prepare a series of nanofluids, decalin + metal (Pd, Pt, Au)@CPAMAM. The cracking behavior of different nanofluids was investigated on an electrically heated tubular reactor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Strategy for High-Performance Integrated Catalysts for Cracking Hydrocarbon Fuels

Zhao

Bai

et al. 2019

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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In this study, we described the synthesis, characterization, and application of hyperbranched polymer-encapsulated metal nanoparticles (HEMNs) as integrated catalysts for the supercritical cracking of hydrocarbon fuels. The metal precursor was extracted into the organic phase using a hydrocarbon-soluble hyperbranched poly(amidoamine) (CPAMAM) and then reduced in situ by NaBH4 to produce HEMNs with virtually a single-size distribution. The monitoring of the preparation process by UV–vis demonstrated the feasibility of this encapsulation approach, and the successful synthesis of three different types of HEMNs, metal (Pd, Pt, Au)@CPAMAM, reflected the universality of this method. Compared with the existing catalyst octadecylamine-stabilized Pd nanoparticle, Pd@18N, HEMNs were superior in every aspect. The new encapsulation method allowed metal NPs to have a smaller particle size beneficial to their overall specific surface area and a higher proportion of active surface atoms for a better catalytic activity. Moreover, the space-limiting effect of the polymer allowed the three HEMNs to be highly dispersed in decalin and exhibited admirable stability under storage tests for up to 12 months and high-temperature stability tests at 180 °C. During the supercritical cracking of decalin, Pd@CPAMAM possessed a much better catalytic performance than Pd@18N and CPAMAM (which can also be used as a macroinitiator). To obtain the same heat sink of 3.02 MJ/kg, the temperature could be lowered from 725 to 701, 693, and 699 °C for Pd, Pt, and Au HEMNs, respectively. Pt HEMN turned out to be the best due to its excellent catalytic dehydrogenation/cracking performance, with the conversion of decalin increasing from 22.3 to 50.7% and the heat sink rising from 2.18 to 2.62 MJ/kg with the existence of 50 ppm Pt@CPAMAM, at 675 °C. The significant enhancements were ascribed to the synergistic catalysis through the remarkable abilities of nanometals to catalyze dehydrogenation/cracking of fuel, the supercritical stabilization effects from CPAMAM, and the initiation effects of the hyperbranched polymer CPAMAM.

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Steam cracking of coal-derived oils and model compounds1. Cracking of tetralin and t-decalin

Cited by 37 publications

References 5 publications

Coke Removal from a Deactivated Industrial Diesel Hydrogenation Catalyst by Tetralin at 300–400 °C

Coke Removal from a Deactivated Industrial Diesel Hydrogenation Catalyst by Tetralin at 300–400 °C

Free-radical thermolysis and hydrogenolysis of model hydrocarbons relevant to processing of coal

New Strategy for High-Performance Integrated Catalysts for Cracking Hydrocarbon Fuels

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