Stealth Pathogens: The Sooty Blotch and Flyspeck Fungal Complex

Zhang, Rong; Batzer, Jean C.; Sun, Guangyu

doi:10.1146/annurev-phyto-082718-100237

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…In addition to enrichment of bene cial microbes, "potential plant pathogens" were also enriched in the phyllosphere of the diseased leaves (e.g. Cyphellophora and Colletotrichum) (Additional le 2: Table S5) [13,33]. Recent studies found that attempts to explain the occurrence of diseases by identifying single pathogens often represented incomplete understanding of the true causes [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phyllosphere Microbiome in Response to Citrus Melanose

Li¹,

Xu²,

Wang³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Like microbiomes in the rhizosphere, phyllosphere microbiomes can have an important role in plant growth and health. However, whether and how the phyllosphere microbiomes respond to the invasion of pathogens is not well understood. In this study, we address this question using the citrus phyllosphere-associated microbiome as a model.Results: Through DNA metabarcoding (16S for bacteria and ITS for fungi) and shotgun metagenomic sequencing, we found that phyllosphere microbiomes in different ecological habitats (epiphytes and endophytes) responded differently to melanose disease caused by the fungal pathogen Diaporthe citri on citrus (Citrus unshiu) leaves. We observed that citrus phyllosphere-associated microbiome responded to the melanose disease in five ways: (1) increasing microbial richness; (2) reducing community evenness; (3) enriching selected microbes; (4) enhancing microbial interactions; and (5) enriching functional features involved in metabolism and fungal cell wall degrading.Conclusions: Our study revealed how phyllosphere microbiomes in the epiphytic and endophytic habitats differ between diseased and healthy leaves. Based on the differences at both the taxonomic and functional levels, we propose a general conceptual paradigm to describe the different microbial community assembly processes for the phyllosphere microbiome in response to leaf disease and how such processes impact plant health. Our results provide novel insights for understanding the contributions of the phyllosphere microbial community response during pathogen invasion.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phyllosphere Microbiome in Response to Citrus Melanose

Li¹,

Xu²,

Wang³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…They resemble modern fly-speck fungi, which predominantly comprise ascomycetes of the order Capnodiales. The abundance of these fungi is suggestive of free water on the plant surface and high humidity (Gleason & al. 2019).…”

Section: Palaeoecological Implications For the Reconstruction Of The ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Selaginella in Cretaceous amber from Myanmar

et al. 2022

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Selaginella (Selaginellales, Selaginellaceae) is the most speciose genus of lycophytes and, with approximately 750 recognized present-day species, also one of the largest genera of vascular plants. However, the evolutionary history of this species richness remains largely unresolved. Recent research suggests that Selaginella was diverse already in the mid-Cretaceous and shows that S. subg. Stachygynandrum dates back at least to the incipient Angiosperm Terrestrial Revolution some 100 million years ago. Here, we describe 20 new fossil-species of Selaginella based on fertile shoots and spores preserved in mid-Cretaceous Kachin amber from Myanmar and emend the previously described S. cretacea. Ten of the species (S.

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“…It is therefore reasonable to hypothesize that streamlining of genome size and function is driven by restrictions imposed by their lifestyles [3]. Fungi in the sooty blotch and flyspeck (SBFS) complex exclusively colonize plant surfaces, which are extreme environments characterized by prolonged desiccation, nutrient limitation, and exposure to solar radiation [10]. Recent research has presented compelling evidence that SBFS fungi underwent profound reductive evolution during the transition from plantpenetrating parasites to plant-surface colonists [11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A chromosome-scale assembly of the smallest Dothideomycete genome reveals a unique genome compaction mechanism in filamentous fungi

et al. 2020

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Background: The wide variation in the size of fungal genomes is well known, but the reasons for this size variation are less certain. Here, we present a chromosome-scale assembly of ectophytic Peltaster fructicola, a surface-dwelling extremophile, based on long-read DNA sequencing technology, to assess possible mechanisms associated with genome compaction. Results: At 18.99 million bases (Mb), P. fructicola possesses one of the smallest known genomes sequence among filamentous fungi. The genome is highly compact relative to other fungi, with substantial reductions in repeat content, ribosomal DNA copies, tRNA gene quantity, and intron sizes, as well as intergenic lengths and the size of gene families. Transposons take up just 0.05% of the entire genome, and no full-length transposon was found. We concluded that reduced genome sizes in filamentous fungi such as P. fructicola, Taphrina deformans and Pneumocystis jirovecii occurred through reduction in ribosomal DNA copy number and reduced intron sizes. These dual mechanisms contrast with genome reduction in the yeast fungus Saccharomyces cerevisiae, whose small and compact genome is associated solely with intron loss. Conclusions: Our results reveal a unique genomic compaction architecture of filamentous fungi inhabiting plant surfaces, and broaden the understanding of the mechanisms associated with compaction of fungal genomes.

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Stealth Pathogens: The Sooty Blotch and Flyspeck Fungal Complex

Cited by 17 publications

References 90 publications

Phyllosphere Microbiome in Response to Citrus Melanose

Phyllosphere Microbiome in Response to Citrus Melanose

Selaginella in Cretaceous amber from Myanmar

A chromosome-scale assembly of the smallest Dothideomycete genome reveals a unique genome compaction mechanism in filamentous fungi

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