Steady-state Characterization of Particle Number Emissions from a Heavy-Duty Euro VI Engine Fueled with Compressed Natural Gas

Distaso, Elia; Amirante, Riccardo; Tamburrano, Paolo; Reitz, Rolf D.

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2018.08.156

Cited by 24 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The presence of particle spikes during steady-state measurements are reported in the literature in the case of gasoline and CNG spark-ignition engines [64]. This aspect was highlighted in the previous experimental campaign carried out on the same engine [44]. These emission spikes were observed at every operating condition and it was found that they were almost completely composed of nucleation mode particles; furthermore, their magnitude and frequency varied depending on the case.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The considered engine was the subject of a recent work [44], in which its entire operating range was characterized in terms of PN emissions (the engine speed was varied from 800 to 3500 rpm and the engine load from 20% to 100% of the full load). Although the results showed that particle emission levels increased with engine load and speed, the highest value did not correspond to the maximum engine speed and load.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The selected operating conditions were then reached, and data were recorded after a stabilization period. A sampling time of about 1.5 min was chosen for ensuring good statistics and accounting for the presence of occasional spikes in the emitted particles per minute that the present engine showed [44] and that characterize soot emissions of SI engines in general [64].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, it has been pointed out that particles emitted from natural gas engine falls mainly within the ultrafine size range [37][38][39][40][41], highlighting a harmful potential that requires additional research [42,43]. Several studies have reported that particle formation in CNG engines depends upon driving parameters [37,44,45] and fuel composition [31,34,41,46]. However, the predominance of ultrafine particles is essentially attributed to lubricant oil [37,38,43,[47][48][49], since it is detectable in the exhaust in the form of metal traces deriving from the additives pack [49,50].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of Soot Particle Number, Mass and Size Distribution along the Exhaust Line of a Heavy-Duty Engine Fueled with Compressed Natural Gas

et al. 2020

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An experimental study has been conducted to provide a characterization of the transformations that particle size distributions and the number density of soot particles can encounter along the exhaust line of a modern EURO VI compliant heavy-duty engine, fueled with compressed natural gas. Being aware of the particles history in the exhausts can be of utmost importance to understand soot formation and oxidation dynamics, so that, new strategies for further reducing these emissions can be formulated and present and future regulations met. To this purpose, particle samples were collected from several points along the exhaust pipe, namely upstream and downstream of each device the exhaust gases interact with. The engine was turbocharged and equipped with a two-stage after-treatment system. The measurements were carried out in steady conditions while the engine operated in stoichiometric conditions. Particle emissions were measured using a fast-response particle size spectrometer (DMS500) so that size information was analyzed in the range between 5 and 1000 nm. Particle mass information was derived from size distribution data using a correlation available in the literature. The reported results provide more insight on the particle emission process related to natural gas engines and, in particular, point out the effects that the turbine and the after-treatment devices produce on soot particles. Furthermore, the reported observations suggest that soot particles might not derive only from the fuel, namely, external sources, such as lubricant oil, might have a relevant role in soot formation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evolution of Soot Particle Number, Mass and Size Distribution along the Exhaust Line of a Heavy-Duty Engine Fueled with Compressed Natural Gas

et al. 2020

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“…Distaso et al,[19] dizel yakıtı ile çalışan bir iş makinasında 800 ila 3500 dev/dak arasındaki motor hızlarında ve 5 farklı motor yük değerlerinde CNG ilavesinin motor performansı ve partikül emisyonları açısından etkilerini incelemişlerdir.Bu çalışmada diğerlerinden farklı olarak ise partiküllerin boyutları ve miktarını da incelemişlerdir. Dizel yakıtına doğalgaz ilavesi ile birlikte motor gücünün ve motor torkunun düştüğünü, partikül miktarının ise azaldığını belirtmişlerdir.…”

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Effects of CNG addition in a diesel engine using diesel/n-heptane, diesel/toluene as pilot fuel

Özer¹,

Vural²

2020

GMBD

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The production processes of diesel engines have been interrupted due to the emissions restrictions that exist in the world. Because diesel engines have been proven to pollute the environment more than other types of engines. Therefore, efforts to reduce the emissions of diesel engines have gained momentum. At the beginning of these studies is the use of alternative fuels. Of these alternative fuels, the most important commercially available fuels are gas fuels. In gas fuels, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and compressed natural gas CNG have an important place. It is a known fact that there are some restrictions on the use of CNG in diesel engines. This study aimed to eliminate the negative effects of CNG, which is both an environmental and economical fuel, on the use of diesel engines. For this purpose, toluene and n-heptan were added to the diesel fuel used as pilot fuel by 2.5%, 5% and 10% by volume and given to each pilot fuel mixture from the CNG intake manifold equivalent to 20% and 40% of the liquid fuel consumed. Engine experiments with all fuel mixtures were repeated at 3000 rpm with 1 kW, 2 kW, 3 kW and 4 kW engine loads. With the addition of CNG to the N-heptan-doped pilot fuel, the brake specific fuel consumption and exhaust gas temperature increased, while the toluene fuel mixture increased fuel consumption and

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Understanding the role of soot oxidation in gasoline combustion: A numerical study on the effects of oxygen enrichment on particulate mass and number emissions in a spark-ignition engine

Distaso

Amirante

Tamburrano

et al. 2019

Energy Conversion and Management

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Steady-state Characterization of Particle Number Emissions from a Heavy-Duty Euro VI Engine Fueled with Compressed Natural Gas

Cited by 24 publications

References 31 publications

Evolution of Soot Particle Number, Mass and Size Distribution along the Exhaust Line of a Heavy-Duty Engine Fueled with Compressed Natural Gas

Evolution of Soot Particle Number, Mass and Size Distribution along the Exhaust Line of a Heavy-Duty Engine Fueled with Compressed Natural Gas

Effects of CNG addition in a diesel engine using diesel/n-heptane, diesel/toluene as pilot fuel

Understanding the role of soot oxidation in gasoline combustion: A numerical study on the effects of oxygen enrichment on particulate mass and number emissions in a spark-ignition engine

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