Status survey of slender loris <i>Loris tardigradus lydekkerianus</i> in Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India

Singh, Mewa; Lindburg, Donald G.; Udhayan, A.; Kumar, M. Anand; Kumara, Honnavalli N.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-3008.1999.00033.x

Cited by 63 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Two observers conducted surveys during the night from 20:00 h to 04:00 h on natural and existing trails, using headlamps and flashlights (Sterling and Ramaroson 1996;Walsh and White 1999). Slender lorises display a distinctive orange-red eyeshine in response to flashed light that can be seen from a distance of >100 m, and we used this feature to detect their presence (Singh et al 1999). We conducted nocturnal surveys on foot and in vehicles (Nekaris and Jayewardene 2004;Singh et al 1999Singh et al , 2000, in accordance with the terrain of the area.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Slender lorises display a distinctive orange-red eyeshine in response to flashed light that can be seen from a distance of >100 m, and we used this feature to detect their presence (Singh et al 1999). We conducted nocturnal surveys on foot and in vehicles (Nekaris and Jayewardene 2004;Singh et al 1999Singh et al , 2000, in accordance with the terrain of the area. The average speed of vehicle transects was 5 km/h (Singh et al 1999), and that of foot transects was 1 km/h (Sterling and Ramaroson 1996).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We conducted nocturnal surveys on foot and in vehicles (Nekaris and Jayewardene 2004;Singh et al 1999Singh et al , 2000, in accordance with the terrain of the area. The average speed of vehicle transects was 5 km/h (Singh et al 1999), and that of foot transects was 1 km/h (Sterling and Ramaroson 1996).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution Patterns of Slender Loris Subspecies (Loris lydekkerianus) in Kerala, Southern India

2011

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Gray slender lorises (Loris lydekkerianus) are 1 of 2 nocturnal primate genera occurring in India. Although the distribution and abundance of the species is known for some parts of southern India, the relative distribution of the 2 subspecies, Loris lydekkerianus lydekkerianus and L. l. malabaricus, and their comparative densities and extent of overlap between their distributions remains largely unknown. We investigated the distribution pattern and relative density of slender lorises in the Western Ghats mountain range in the state of Kerala in southern India. We surveyed 36 forest ranges in 17 forest divisions of northern and central Kerala from February to November 2009 for the presence of lorises. We sighted slender lorises in 22 forest ranges in a variety of vegetation types, and the relative abundance of the species ranged from 0.02 to 1.44 lorises/km. Our results confirm that both loris subspecies are present in Kerala: Mysore slender lorises have a narrow patchy distribution on the eastern edges of the Western Ghats mountain range, and Malabar slender lorises have a fairly contiguous distribution on the western slopes of the Western Ghats. We recommend more detailed surveys in southern Kerala to identify the distribution patterns of the subspecies in these areas.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution Patterns of Slender Loris Subspecies (Loris lydekkerianus) in Kerala, Southern India

2011

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“…A number of factors could account for why a species that is generally sparsely distributed may Wnd itself at high abundance in a particular habitat type. In the case of lorises, which do not leap, the extensive canopy continuity found in early stage secondary growth forest may not only provide excellent substrates, but also may be associated with increased density of insects (Singh et al 1999;Nekaris et al 2005). The unstable nature of this habitat may also mean that these populations are only temporarily large; this can be illustrated by Johns' (1986) research (Table 3), whereby numbers of N. coucang increased immediately after logging, but then Xuctuated over the next 12 years.…”

Section: Abundance Of Lorises and Recommendations For Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conservation implications of low encounter rates of five nocturnal primate species (Nycticebus spp.) in Asia

2008

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Five species of slow lorises were once considered to comprise a single strongly polymorphic species, Nycticebus coucang, ranging throughout South and Southeast Asia. The cryptic nature of these nocturnal primates has led to a lack of understanding of their distribution patterns and abundance. In short surveys, often few if any lorises are detected, meaning that the few available density estimates are from long-term studies. Based on new research in Sebangau National Park, Borneo, and compilation of survey data from other areas, we provide the Wrst comparative abundance estimates for all Wve slow loris species: N. coucang occurred in signiWcantly higher abundances (median encounter rate 0.80/km: n = 15), than N. bengalensis (0.26/km; n = 12), or N. javanicus (0.11/km: n = 2), N. menagensis (0.02/km: n = 3), and N. pygmaeus (0.13/km: n = 4). Abundance estimates in Sebangau (0.19/km) did not increase with increasing survey eVort, but for all species and studies combined, study duration was positively correlated with abundance estimates. We did not Wnd a relation between abundance and body mass, nor between abundance and latitude. Long-term studies are more likely to be conducted at sites where the species of interest is particularly plentiful. The data suggest that slow lorises occur at low abundances throughout much of their range, and some in larger social groups than previously assumed. We recommend taking into account the species' heterogeneous distribution (potentially requiring larger survey eVort), their social structure, the use of red lights as opposed to white lights whilst surveying, and to make use of their vocalisations when surveying slow lorises.

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“…(cf. Dykyj 1980, Runestad 1997, Singh et al 1999, N ekaris et al 2005) on each transect. Bamboo and fairy duster have previously been identified as possibly having an impact on the presence of Javan slow lorises (Starr et al 2011, Moore 2012.…”

Section: Environmental Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the habitat use and distribution of the threatened Javan slow loris Nycticebus javanicus

Voskamp

Rode

Coudrat

et al. 2014

Endang. Species. Res.

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The Javan slow loris Nycticebus javanicus is threatened by habitat decline and is classified as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List. Information on its distribution and habitat preferences is still lacking, and so far the distribution of the Javan slow loris has only been quantified via ecological niche modelling based on museum specimens and remotely derived environmental layers. We aimed to refine the modelled predictions and to verify the distribution of the Javan slow loris by collecting up-to-date occurrence data, which are fundamental for conservation and management of the species. Furthermore, we identify variables that predict its presence and give recommendations for future survey sites and conservation actions. From April to June 2012 we collected data on species presence, habitat preferences and levels of disturbance at priority sites throughout Java. We present a map of the predicted distribution of N. javanicus based on a maximum entropy model. We investigated habitat preferences using R (v. 2.14.1). During the study we sighted 52 lorises in 9 out of 14 investigated areas. The amount of bamboo in a forest had a positive effect on the encounter rates. Furthermore, we made 86% of sightings in forest plantations and agricultural areas located outside protected areas, with the majority located in areas with measured high levels of disturbance. We suggest that further ecological studies are needed to understand if and why densities may be higher in anthropogenically disturbed areas.

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Status survey of slender loris Loris tardigradus lydekkerianus in Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, India

Cited by 63 publications

References 3 publications

Distribution Patterns of Slender Loris Subspecies (Loris lydekkerianus) in Kerala, Southern India

Distribution Patterns of Slender Loris Subspecies (Loris lydekkerianus) in Kerala, Southern India

Conservation implications of low encounter rates of five nocturnal primate species (Nycticebus spp.) in Asia

Modelling the habitat use and distribution of the threatened Javan slow loris Nycticebus javanicus

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