Status of nutrients in Lake Mariut, a delta lake in Egypt suffering from intensive pollution

Saad, Massoud A. H.; El-Rayis, Osman A.; Ahdy, Hoda H.H.

doi:10.1016/0025-326x(84)90258-3

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Domestic pollution and heavy industry release large volumes of untreated waste, and an increasing load of agricultural runo! is introduced into the lake via canals and drains (Wahby and El-Moneim, 1979;Saad et al, 1984). Similar problems occur in other Mediterranean coastal areas and estuaries (Kerambrun, 1986;Ward and Ashley, 1989;Cencini, 1998).…”

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confidence: 92%

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Ultrastructural Variations in Lethocerus niloticum (Insecta: Hemiptera) Caused by Pollution in Lake Mariut, Alexandria, Egypt

Sorour

2001

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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confidence: 92%

“…It is the most polluted lagoon in the northern Nile Delta (Saad et al, 1984;El-Sokkary, 1992), now divided into a number of subbasins (Warne and Stanley, 1993). Domestic pollution and heavy industry release large volumes of untreated waste, and an increasing load of agricultural runo!…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrastructural Variations in Lethocerus niloticum (Insecta: Hemiptera) Caused by Pollution in Lake Mariut, Alexandria, Egypt

Sorour

2001

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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“…Studies on the environmental health of Lake Maryut in Egypt have concentrated in the past mostly on simple chemical and bulk analysis of sediments, water, and biota (Saad et al 1982(Saad et al , 1984Abdel-Moati and El-Sammak 1997;Prenner et al 2006). Data from these studies showed that most areas of Lake Maryut are heavily contaminated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Spatial Distribution and Temporal Trends of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Sediments from Lake Maryut, Alexandria, Egypt

Barakat

Mostafa

Wade

et al. 2010

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Surface and core sediments from Lake Maryut, Egypt, one of the most polluted lakes in Egypt, were analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. This investigation represents the first extensive study of the distribution and sources of PAHs in sediments from Lake Maryut. The total PAHs concentrations (sum of 39 PAH compounds) in surface sediments varied greatly depending on the sampling location and ranged from 106 to 57,800 ng/g dry weight with a mean concentration of 6,950 ng/g. The most polluted areas are distributed in areas which are mainly influenced by municipal sewage and industrial effluent discharges, suggesting a direct influence of these sources on the pollutant distribution patterns. PAH concentrations were one to two orders of magnitude higher in comparison with those reported for riverine/ estuaries systems around the world. Molecular indices, such as pyrogenic index (PI), methylphenanthrenes to phenanthrene ratio, HMW PAH /LMW PAH , A-PAHs/PPAHs, FL/FL+PY, BaP/BaP+C, IP/IP+BgP, and Per/ ∑(penta-aromatics) were calculated to evaluate different hydrocarbon origins and their relative importance. In general, sediments from the main basin and northwest basin of Lake Maryut showed the highest PAH concentrations with petrogenic signatures, indicating major sources of petrogenic PAHs in the city. On the other hand, lower levels of PAHs with a pyrogenic signature were widely recorded in areas that are distant from anthropogenic sources. At other locations, both petrogenic and pyrogenic inputs were significant. The concentrations of perylene relative to the penta-aromatic isomers are dominant especially in locations associated with terrestrial inputs and in the deepest core sediments, indicating diagenetic origin for the presence of perylene. Temporal trends of PAH concentrations in both cores sediments were influenced by input pathways and followed the economic development and the environmental policies of the Egyptian Government in the last 15 years. Finally, PAH levels in sediments were compared with Sediments Quality Guidelines (effects range median-effects range low) for evaluation probable toxic effects on organism. Results suggest an ecotoxicological risk for benthic organisms mainly in the main basin area, where high concentrations of PAHs were found in sediments influenced by anthropogenic activities.

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“…The indiscriminate dumping and release of wastes containing hazardous substances into aquatic systems might lead to environmental disturbances that are potential sources of stress to biotic communities. Lake Mariut (particularly the MB) is characterized by increases in phosphorus, organic matter, ammonia, and nitrogen sulfide and a notable depletion of dissolved oxygen, causing acute effects of pollution on this environment (Saad et al 1984), including cases of sudden mass mortality of fish. Moreover, several agricultural and industrial developments and facilities exist along the lake, and their wastewaters are a source of metal pollution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gill Oxidative Stress and Histopathological Biomarkers of Pollution Impacts in Nile Tilapia from Lake Mariut and Lake Edku, Egypt

et al. 2012

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Various oxidative stress and histopathological biomarkers in gill tissues of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus were investigated. Fish were collected from four sites that differ in their extent of pollution load, including heavy metals: the southeast basin (SEB), main basin (MB), and northwest basin (NWB) of Lake Mariut; and Boughaz El-Maadiya, a channel in Lake Edku. The oxidative stress biomarkers that were analyzed included lipid peroxidation (LPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione redox cycle enzymes (glutathione peroxidase [GPx] and glutathione reductase [GR]). Levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) were also evaluated. Gill morphology was analyzed by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Gill LPO was significantly higher in gill tissues of fish collected from the more heavily contaminated MB (40.0%) and NWB (51.4%) sites than in gill samples from the less-contaminated (reference) site, the SEB. Gill LPO in fish from Lake Edku was intermediate but was not significantly higher (17.1%) than the reference. The activities of antioxidant enzymes and the redox-sensitive thiol compound GSH were significantly lower in gill samples from the disturbed sites than in samples from the reference site. Specifically, SOD in MB, NWB, and Lake Edku samples; CAT and GPx in NWB samples; and GR activity and GSH content in MB and NWB samples were lower than those in SEB samples. In most cases, gill tissues from Lake Edku fish had intermediate levels of antioxidants. The main histopathological alterations observed in gills were epithelial lifting, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the respiratory epithelium, lamellar fusion, and aneurysms. In addition, SEM results demonstrated transformation of the surface structure of epithelial pavement cells. Pathological reactions in the gills of Nile tilapia were most severe at the MB and NWB sites. Our findings suggest that Nile tilapia responded differently according to the environmental stress index in each sampling area. This study is the first to report gill oxidative stress and histopathologies in Nile tilapia from Egyptian aquatic environments.

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Status of nutrients in Lake Mariut, a delta lake in Egypt suffering from intensive pollution

Cited by 14 publications

References 9 publications

Ultrastructural Variations in Lethocerus niloticum (Insecta: Hemiptera) Caused by Pollution in Lake Mariut, Alexandria, Egypt

Ultrastructural Variations in Lethocerus niloticum (Insecta: Hemiptera) Caused by Pollution in Lake Mariut, Alexandria, Egypt

Spatial Distribution and Temporal Trends of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Sediments from Lake Maryut, Alexandria, Egypt

Gill Oxidative Stress and Histopathological Biomarkers of Pollution Impacts in Nile Tilapia from Lake Mariut and Lake Edku, Egypt

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