Status of coastal forests of the Northern Sumatra in 2004's tsunami catastrophe)

Abstract

Abstract. Onrizal, Mansor M. 2015. Status of coastal forests of the Northern Sumatra in 2005 (after 2004's tsunami catastrophe).Biodiversitas 17: 44-54. The first intensive ecological study of coastal vegetation including mangrove, littoral and peat swamp forests after the 2004 tsunami catastrophe in Northern Sumatra was conducted from January to December 2005 where 16 sampling sites along 2960km coastline in Northern Sumatra were selected. In each site, one quadrate of 100 m x 100 m was established and divided into 10 m x 10 m subplots where all standing trees of ≥ 2 cm diameter at breast height (DBH) were identified to species level and measured. Overall 54,871 standing trees were recorded in 16 sites comprising 84 species in 65 genera and 37 families. Mangrove trees Rhizophora apiculata and R. mucronata were widely distributed and are dominant in most of the sampling sites. This indicated that these species have stronger resilient compared to other species. The highest value of Shannon-Wiener index of species and Evenness index of species was 3.03 and 0.85, respectively. It means that some sites were rich in biodiversity which harbors various species of plants. Subsequently, undisturbed coastal forests including mangroves, littoral forests and peat swamp forests characterized by dense stands, mixed species and structures play an important role in coastal protection against tsunami. Therefore, the coastal vegetation is needed to conserve the biodiversity and to maintain the production capacity as part of sustainable and longlasting vegetation bioshield.

Comparison of several methods of stands inventory prior to logging towards the yield volume of mangrove forest in Bintuni Bay, West Papua Province, Indonesia

“…20% and C. tagal 10%. In line with these results, Onrizal and Mansor (2016) also stated that in 2005 (a year after the Aceh tsunami) R. mucronata and R. apiculata dominated mangrove ecosystems on the north coast of Sumatra. S. spp.…”

Species composition and structure of degraded mangrove vegetation in the Air Telang Protected Forest, South Sumatra, Indonesia

“…The result obtained was in the form of a dendrogram which explained the influence of environmental factors on the formation of vegetation structure. The cluster analysis result is being used to study the degree of similarity of constituent components between one vegetation and another (Onrizal and Mansor 2016;Zelenỷ and Schaffers 2012).…”

Vicariance and Oceanic Barriers Drive Contemporary Genetic Structure of Widespread Mangrove Species Sonneratia alba J. Sm in the Indo-West Pacific

“…Sonneratia alba is an opportunistic species with high tolerance for extreme coastal environments, occurring in the lower intertidal zones and downstream estuarine areas (Figure 1a), and often withstanding high hydrodynamic energy [9], inundation [13] and salinities [14]. It has been observed as the first species to colonize mudflats and subsequently reduce wave attenuation for the establishment of other mangrove species [15].…”