Status and potentials of renewable energies in Yazd Province-Iran

Using Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) sensor to detect change in land surface temperature in relation to land use change in Yazd, Iran

“…The study area is located in the arid and semi-arid belt in the Northern Hemisphere. In the arid and semi-arid areas, vegetation covers are affected by high diurnal and seasonal variations of temperature, low amounts of precipitation and high evaporation (Dehghan, 2011). The predominant features of the territory are residential areas, waste land and bare soil.…”

To Re-Explore the Causality between Barriers to Renewable Energy Development: A Case Study of Wind Energy

“…Secondly, as far as choosing the variables (barriers) is concerned, due to the difficulty of data collection, a complex model might not necessarily contribute to the development of wind energy in developing countries; on the contrary, a clear and simple result of the analysis provides better clearer insights. Therefore, this study selected important developing countries over the last six years and their wind energy development-related issues [1,8,9,12,14,17,22,26,28,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51], in order to inspect common obstacles from the economic, social, technological, policy and environmental dimensions, which focused on 11 issues: the policy aspect-the lack of national policies and appropriate power purchase agreements (PPA); the economic aspect-the lack of fiscal incentives and high investment costs; the social aspect-the lack of social promotional measures with local infrastructure deficiencies; the technical aspect-insufficient R&D capabilities, lack of projects and technology information, and necessary equipment for wind energy; and the environmental aspect-limitations over site availability, and the wind energy intermittency. Some other issues such as country-specific and region-specific barriers (for example: hurricanes, dust storms, etc.…”

“…That is, the evolution of the research assumptions, or literature collation and derivation theory, becomes a hypothetical model to be verified [54,55]. This study is based on the existing literature on wind energy development barriers [1,8,9,12,14,17,22,26,28,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51]. The causality model of barriers in the study is built by the assumptions of barriers that are documented in the literature.…”

“…Coping strategies include: the improvement of energy efficiency [1], the development of green technologies for environmental sustainability [2], the recycle, capture, utilization, disposal/storage, as well as the increased use of renewable energy (RE) and the development of nuclear energy [3]. Among all these available options, development of RE is a widely accepted solution [4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. According to the Renewable 2012 Global Status Report by the Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century (REN21), despite the impact of the economic crisis, in 2011 the global investment in RE still reached around $25.7 billion, an increase of approximately $3.7 billion compared to 2010 and resulting in the total global RE capacity (excluding hydropower) reaching a level of approximately 390 GW [11].…”

“…Namely, aside from the decision maker's determination for RE development, the enhancement of the integration of the electricity grid, expansion of infrastructure, and increased industrial innovative ability seem to be the priorities for China's future development of wind energy. Other related researches include the development of wind energy in the past, present and future [22,43], the potential of wind energy and strategies to promote RE market penetration [1,26,44],the restrictions of RE technology applications and coping measures [8,45], the potential of RE development, its current status and future prospects [46][47][48][49], the analysis of RE technology feasibility and the importance of public awareness [9], RE technology applied in rural areas [50], and clean energy and responses to energy-efficient technological improvement and obstacles [51]. In summary, if policy makers are determined to promote the penetration of RE, in addition to the necessary innovative policy framework, future areas that decision-makers should endeavor to address included the related technologies (i.e., the information of wind energy development and technology), the environment (i.e., the usability of the site), and social factors (i.e., public education and improvement of public awareness).…”