Status and Management Strategy of Pesticide Use in Golf Courses in Korea

김동진,; 윤정기,; 유지영,; 김수정,; 양재의,

doi:10.3839/jabc.2014.043

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Pesticide-sprayed areas increased from 22,500 ha in 2010 to 31,400 ha in 2019, showing an increase of >39.5% in 10 years. The pesticide-sprayed areas include the teeing ground, green, fairway, rough, established green spaces, and practice putting green, whereas the unsprayed areas include bunkers, detention ponds, distributed reservoirs, roads for cart driving, teehouses, clubhouses, parking lots, and undeveloped areas for environmental conservation [22,23]. As areas of golf courses and pesticide usage increased because of the increasing number of golf courses (Figure 1a), the quantity of pesticide usage (based on the number of components) showed an upward trend (Figure 2).…”

Section: Status Of Pesticide Usage On Golf Coursesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Out of the total quantity of pesticides used, the proportion of fungicide usage increased in the order of 56.6% → 61.1% → 65.7% → 65.8% → 67.2% in 2015-2019, respectively. Recently, the use of insecticides has decreased (35,36,27,32, and 31 tons in 2015-2019, respectively), and herbicide usage has showed a slightly changing trend (24,25,26,22, and 24 tons in 2015-2019, respectively). More than half the pesticides used on golf courses comprise fungicides, and their proportion is increasing; moreover, fungicides and insecticides account for most of them.…”

Section: Status Of Pesticide Usage On Golf Coursesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main pests found on grass are the larva of the black chestnut moth and grass chestnut moth, the back beetle, the alder beetle, the grass beetle, and the grass weevil [26]. In particular, although Korean-type turfgrass widely used in Korea has low fertilizer requirements and excellent disease tolerance, it is vulnerable to brown patch (large patch); thus, relevant fungicides are used in large quantities [22]. Scarab beetles and moths are the main target groups for insecticides used on golf courses, and crabgrass, annual bluegrass, and clover are the main target weeds for herbicides [27,28].…”

Section: Status Of Pesticide Usage On Golf Coursesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Status of Pesticide Usage on Golf Courses in Korea and Optimal Pesticide Usage Plan

Lee

Kim

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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Risks to human health and the environment owing to pesticide usage have arisen interest, increasing the demand for reducing pesticide consumption used on golf courses. However, standard guidelines or manuals for reducing pesticide usage on golf courses in Korea are lacking. Herein, the trends of pesticides on golf courses were investigated, and the optimal pesticide usage plan was proposed for continuous pesticide reduction. In 2019, there were 539 golf courses in Korea. With the increasing number of golf courses in 2010–2019, pesticide usage increased continuously. Fungicides accounted for more than half the pesticides used, followed by insecticides and herbicides. Except for golf courses that do not employ chemical pesticides, pesticide usage per unit area varied in the range of 0.02–65.81 kg ha−1 (average of 6.97 kg ha−1). In the US, best management practices and integrated pest management (IPM) have been stipulated and are operational in each state for pesticide management in golf courses, recognizing chemical pesticide usage to be the last approach for pest control and turf health maintenance. Considering that Korea globally ranks 10th in the number of golf facilities and courses, the establishment of IPM practices suitable for domestic conditions is essential.

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Section: Status Of Pesticide Usage On Golf Coursesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Status Of Pesticide Usage On Golf Coursesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Status Of Pesticide Usage On Golf Coursesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Status of Pesticide Usage on Golf Courses in Korea and Optimal Pesticide Usage Plan

Lee

Kim

et al. 2022

Sustainability

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“…Research on sustainability in golf has increased in recent years from the perspective of golf courses [15,[23][24][25][26][27][28]. Hence, there is a substantial literature on golf courses on their negative environmental impacts, especially with respect to excessive water use [29,30], environmental pollution [31], chemical inputs [32,33], and effects on wildlife and habitat [34,35].…”

Section: Research Model and Hypotheses Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Environmental Attitudes and Behaviours of European Golf Tourists

López-Bonilla¹,

Reyes-Rodríguez²,

López-Bonilla³

2018

Sustainability

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Environmental attitudes and behaviours have received relatively little attention in golf tourism, compared to other tourism research areas. Golf tourism provides products and services based on nature, and they should focus on the environment. Golf has become increasingly important in the development of European tourism within the last decade. Moreover, golf is one of the primary motivations for European tourists in the sports tourism sector. This study is based on a sample of 431 golf tourists, from different nationalities, who visit Andalusia, Spain. This research examines the relationship between environmental attitudes and behavioural intentions for three subsamples of European nationalities: British, German, and Spanish. This relationship was corroborated in the three subsamples. However, the national citizenship of European golf tourists was not a moderator effect on the relationship between environmental attitudes and behavioural intentions.

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“…Presently, the control of turfgrass fungal diseases mainly depends on synthetic fungicides. However, continuous use of fungicides for turf disease increases the frequency of residual detection above the standard level (Kim et al, 2014). In agricultural systems, fungicide persistence raises concerns Enhancement of Turfgrass Fungal Disease Control Efficacy 183 about soil function, crop production, nutrient cycling, soil biodiversity, and food safety, as well as off-site migration of chemicals (e.g., due to run-off and leaching) (Liu et al, 2018;Ogura et al, 2021;Wightwick et al, 2010).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Disease Control Efficacy of Chemical Fungicides Combined with Plant Resistance Inducer 2,3-Butanediol against Turfgrass Fungal Diseases

Kalaiselvi

Ha²,

Kim

et al. 2022

Plant Pathol J

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Turfgrass, the most widely grown ornamental crop, is severely affected by fungal pathogens including Sclerotinia homoeocarpa, Rhizoctonia solani, and Magnaporthe poae. At present, turfgrass fungal disease management predominantly relies on synthetic fungicide treatments. However, the extensive application of fungicides to the soil increases residual detection frequency, raising concerns for the environment and human health. The bacterial volatile compound, 2,3-butanediol (BDO), was found to induce plant resistance. In this study, we evaluated the disease control efficacy of a combination of stereoisomers of 2,3-BDO and commercial fungicides against turfgrass fungal diseases in both growth room and fields. In the growth room experiment, the combination of 0.9% 2R,3R-BDO (levo) soluble liquid (SL) formulation and 9% 2R,3S-BDO (meso) SL with half concentration of fungicides significantly increased the disease control efficacy against dollar spot and summer patch disease when compared to the half concentration of fungicide alone. In field experiments, the disease control efficiency of levo 0.9% and meso 9% SL, in combination with a fungicide, was confirmed against dollar spot and large patch disease. Additionally, the induction of defense-related genes involved in the salicylic acid and jasmonic acid/ethylene signaling pathways and reactive oxygen species detoxification-related genes under Clarireedia sp. infection was confirmed with levo 0.9% and meso 9% SL treatment in creeping bentgrass. Our findings suggest that 2,3-BDO isomer formulations can be combined with chemical fungicides as a new integrated tool to control Clarireedia sp. infection in turfgrass, thereby reducing the use of chemical fungicides.

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Status and Management Strategy of Pesticide Use in Golf Courses in Korea

Cited by 4 publications

References 1 publication

Status of Pesticide Usage on Golf Courses in Korea and Optimal Pesticide Usage Plan

Status of Pesticide Usage on Golf Courses in Korea and Optimal Pesticide Usage Plan

The Environmental Attitudes and Behaviours of European Golf Tourists

Enhancement of Disease Control Efficacy of Chemical Fungicides Combined with Plant Resistance Inducer 2,3-Butanediol against Turfgrass Fungal Diseases

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