Statistical Techniques for Data Analysis

Taylor, John Κ.; Cihon, Cheryl

doi:10.1201/9780203492390

Cited by 72 publications

(64 citation statements)

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“…As ozone in the lower troposphere has a strong seasonal and diurnal variation, a pooled statistical method (Taylor and Cihon, 2004) was adopted to calculate the mean ozone level in each group. The data in air-mass groups were further divided into 16 sub-groups (four seasons and four time-periods of a day), and the means and standard deviations in the 16 subgroups were pooled to obtain the overall mean and standard deviations for that air-mass cluster.…”

Section: The Ozone Changes In Different Air-mass Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing surface ozone concentrations in the background atmosphere of Southern China, 1994–2007

et al. 2009

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Abstract. Tropospheric ozone is of great importance with regard to air quality, atmospheric chemistry, and climate change. In this paper we report the first continuous record of surface ozone in the background atmosphere of South China. The data were obtained from 1994 to 2007 at a coastal site in Hong Kong, which is strongly influenced by the outflow of Asian continental air during the winter and the inflow of maritime air from the subtropics in the summer. Three methods are used to derive the rate of change in ozone. A linear fit to the 14-year record shows that the ozone concentration increased by 0.58 ppbv/yr, whereas comparing means in years

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Section: The Ozone Changes In Different Air-mass Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing surface ozone concentrations in the background atmosphere of Southern China, 1994–2007

et al. 2009

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“…Thus, a set of pK a values was obtained, and the outliers were removed by using the test of Grubbs. 27 The mean pK a value determined for propofol in water was 11.49±0.02 for a confidence interval of 95%. This value allowed us to back-compute the concentrations of the anionic and neutral forms of propofol, which are shown in Figure 2 as a solid line (neutral form) and a dashed line (anionic form).…”

Section: Titration Of Propofol In Watermentioning

confidence: 89%

Multi-wavelength spectrophotometric determination of propofol acidity constant in different acetonitrile-water mixtures

Pissinis

Sereno

Marioli

2005

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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A constante ácido-base de uma droga anestésica, propofol, foi determinada em diferentes misturas acetonitrila-água usando-se dados de titulação espectrofotométrica multivariada. Os valores de pH medidos com eletrodo de vidro calibrado com tampão aquoso, nas misturas acetonitrila-água, s w pH, foram corrigidos para obter-se o s s pH, que é o pH da mistura acetronitrila-água medido com eletrodo de vidro, calibrado com tampão na mesma mistura de solvente. Essa escala de pH está diretamente relacionada com a constante termodinâmica ácido-base. O valor de pK a do propofol encontrado em água é de 11,67. Relações lineares foram observadas quando os valores calculados de pK a do propofol, em diferentes misturas de solvente, foram comparados com a fração molar de acetonitrila. Uma relação linear foi também encontrada entre os valores de pK a e a permissividade relativa recíproca da mistura de solventes, 1/ε. Este comportamento foi considerado como indicativo da natureza eletrostática do processo de ionização.The acid-base constant of an anaesthetic drug, propofol, was determined in different acetonitrilewater mixtures by using multiwavelength spectrophotometric titration data. The pH values measured in acetonitrile-water mixtures with a glass electrode calibrated with an aqueous buffer, s w pH, were corrected to obtain s s pH, that is, the pH of the acetonitrile-water mixture as measured with a glass electrode calibrated with a buffer in the same solvent mixture. This last pH scale is directly related to the thermodynamic acid-base constant. The pK a value of propofol in pure water was found to be 11.67. Linear relationships were observed when the calculated pK a values of propofol in different solvent mixtures were plotted against the acetonitrile molar fraction. Also, a linear relationship was observed between pK a values and the reciprocal of the relative permittivity of the solvent mixture, 1/ε. This behavior was taken as indicative of the electrostatic nature of the ionization process.

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“…Due to the variability of the tests, the collected data will bear some degree of uncertainty, but if all the designed steps of the experiments are properly executed, a quantitative limit of accuracy can be assigned to the data (Taylor & Cihon, 2004). For the data analysis and comparisons made between the results, a confidence interval of 95% was chosen as the acceptable variability in the data.…”

Section: Quantitative Accuracymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The research must also be conducted in a planned measurement program that is specifically designed to answer the questions of a welldefined problem (Taylor & Cihon, 2004). The process of experimenting as part of a scientific investigation must include the following steps.…”

Section: Experimental Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of slope and paver characteristics on performance of permeable pavement GI.

Ehsaei¹

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DEDICATIONI dedicate my dissertation to my family and many friends. A special feeling of gratitude to my loving parents, whose words of encouragement and push got me this far. I also dedicate this dissertation to my wife, who stood by me, and I will always appreciate all her support throughout the process. This dissertation is an experimental study based on the findings of two Green Infrastructure (GI) stormwater control measures (SCMs) in Louisville, KY, which focused on the effects of the physical environment on the performance of GI. The GI installed in Louisville are suffering from extensive and rapid surface clogging and in order to optimize current and future GI, an understanding of the factors affecting the performance of the system is required. The study used the current literature to determine the surrounding factors and those of the permeable surface that had not been investigated enough, and used several configurations of GI to determine the effects of these variables on the surface clogging. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTSThe module used to test these variables was a wooden flume, specifically designed and constructed from plywood so that the variables of the experiment could be incorporated in testing. The flume simulates a permeable pavement system with storage gallery and a bedding layer, and is paved with three different interlocking concrete pavements that provide gaps of three different sizes. The flume's longitudinal slope can be adjusted, and the permeable joint material can be included. The performance of the vi flume was measured using 7 time domain reflectometer (TDRs) instruments, manufactured by Campbell Scientific, which are located inside the storage gallery.After conducting 21 experiments with various configurations, the data was analyzed to reveal meaningful information. As expected, the experiments with permeable joint material show a clear separation for the sediment deposited on the surface, where empty gaps resulted in inorganics being deposited on the up gradient and organics on the down gradient.The Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) of the progression of clogging and progression of infiltration edge on the permeable surface showed that the increase of gap size from 6 mm to 9 mm did not result in a significant change, but the change to 12 mm gaps resulted in a significantly different rate for the progression of the first rate. The presence of #8 aggregate in the gaps resulted in significant changes in both rates and finally the change of slope from 1% to 3% created a significant change in the rate at which surface clogging progressed.vii

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Statistical Techniques for Data Analysis

Cited by 72 publications

References 0 publications

Increasing surface ozone concentrations in the background atmosphere of Southern China, 1994–2007

Increasing surface ozone concentrations in the background atmosphere of Southern China, 1994–2007

Multi-wavelength spectrophotometric determination of propofol acidity constant in different acetonitrile-water mixtures

Effect of slope and paver characteristics on performance of permeable pavement GI.

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