Statistical characterization of liquid film fluctuations during gas-liquid two-phase counter-current flow in a 1/30 scaled-down test facility of a pressurized water reactor (PWR) hot leg

Astyanto, Achilleus Hermawan; Pramono, Josi Aldo Emmanuel; Catrawedarma, Ignb.; Deendarlianto,; Indarto, Indarto

doi:10.1016/j.anucene.2022.109065

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…For vertical channels, horizontal channels, and inclined channels, a series of experimental and theoretical studies have been performed to instigate the geometric and the fluid properties effect of CCFL [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. In particular, the possible occurrence of CCFL in the hot leg of a PWR during SBLOCA or LOCA accidents is of special interest for nuclear safety research; therefore, large numbers of experimental investigations and numerical studies have been carried out on these topics in recent years [13][14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Experimental Setup and Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Countercurrent Flow Limitation in a Pipeline with an Orifice

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2022

Energies

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Countercurrent flow limitation (CCFL) refers to an important class of gravity-induced hydrodynamic processes that impose a serious restriction on the operation of gas–liquid two-phase systems. In a nuclear power plant, CCFL may occur in the liquid level measurement system where an orifice is applied in the pipeline, which may introduce error into the level measurement system. CCFL can occur in horizontal, vertical, inclined, and even much more complicated geometric patterns, and the hot-leg channel flow passage has been widely investigated; however, a pipeline with variable cross-sections, including an orifice, has not yet been investigated. An experimental investigation has been conducted in order to identify the phenomenon, pattern, and mechanism of CCFL onset in this type of geometry. Both visual and quantified experiments were carried out. A high-speed camera was applied to capture the flow pattern. Visual experiments were implemented at atmospheric pressure, while quantified pressurizer experiments were implemented at higher pressures. It was determined that if the condensate drainage is low and the liquid level is also low, with a stable stratified flow upstream of the orifice, there is no oscillation of the differential pressure. However, at higher condensate drainage levels, when the liquid level increases, a stratified wavy flow occurs. One of these waves can suddenly rise upstream of the orifice to choke it, which subsequently gives rise to differential pressure across the orifice, with periodic variation. This pattern alternately features stratified flow, stratified wavy flow, and slug flow, which indicates the occurrence of CCFL. The CCFL occurring under these experimental conditions can be expressed as a Wallis type correlation, where the coefficients m and C are 0.682 and 0.601, respectively.

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