Statins are associated with a reduced risk of cholangiocarcinoma: a population‐based case–control study

Peng, Yen Chun; Lin, Cheng Li; Hsu, Wan Yun; Chang, Chi-Sen; Yeh, Hong Zen; Tung, Chun Fang; Wu, Yuh Lin; Sung, Fung Chang; Kao, Chia Hung

doi:10.1111/bcp.12641

Cited by 41 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Our findings are in line with the one previous study focusing on cholangiocarcinoma in Taiwan, which reported that the adjusted OR for statin use versus non-use for cholangiocarcinoma was 0.80 (95% CI 0.71 to 0.90) 27. The results are also consistent with studies that have demonstrated a decreased risk of gallstone disease,12–15 a risk factor for BTCs,28 especially GBC 1 2.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Statin use and reduced risk of biliary tract cancers in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink

Liu

Alsaggaf

McGlynn

et al. 2018

Gut

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ObjectiveTo evaluate the association between statin use and risk of biliary tract cancers (BTC).DesignThis is a nested case–control study conducted in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink. We included cases diagnosed with incident primary BTCs, including cancers of the gall bladder, bile duct (ie, both intrahepatic and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma), ampulla of Vater and mixed type, between 1990 and 2017. For each case, we selected five controls who did not develop BTCs at the time of case diagnosis, matched by sex, year of birth, calendar time and years of enrolment in the general practice using incidence density sampling. Exposures were defined as two or more prescription records of statins 1 year prior to BTC diagnosis or control selection. ORs and 95% CIs for associations between statins and BTC overall and by subtypes were estimated using conditional logistic regression, adjusted for relevant confounders.ResultsWe included 3118 BTC cases and 15 519 cancer-free controls. Current statin use versus non-use was associated with a reduced risk of all BTCs combined (adjusted OR=0.88, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.98). The reduced risks were most pronounced among long-term users, as indicated by increasing number of prescriptions (ptrend=0.016) and cumulative dose of statins (ptrend=0.008). The magnitude of association was similar for statin use and risk of individual types of BTCs. The reduced risk of BTCs associated with a record of current statin use versus non-use was more pronounced among persons with diabetes (adjusted OR=0.72, 95% CI 0.57 to 0.91). Among non-diabetics, the adjusted OR for current statin use versus non-use was 0.91 (95% CI 0.81 to 1.03, pheterogeneity=0.007).ConclusionCompared with non-use of statins, current statin use is associated with 12% lower risk of BTCs; no association found with former statin use. If replicated, particularly in countries with a high incidence of BTCs, our findings could pave the way for evaluating the value of statins for BTC chemoprevention.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Statin use and reduced risk of biliary tract cancers in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink

Liu

Alsaggaf

McGlynn

et al. 2018

Gut

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“…This is not consistent with the literature. Two previous case–control studies found consistently reduced risk for bile duct carcinoma (adjusted OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.75–1.01) and cholangiocarcinoma (adjusted OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.71–0.90) . The difference in the result between our study and two previous studies could be explained partly by the limited number of IBDC cases in the UK Biobank database.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 89%

Statin use and risk of liver cancer: Evidence from two population‐based studies

Tran

McMenamin

Coleman

et al. 2019

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Epidemiological studies of statin use and liver cancer risk have produced conflicting results. We examined the association between statin use and risk of primary liver cancer in two large independent study populations taking account of important covariates and main indications of statins such as high cholesterol and chronic liver disease. We performed a nested case–control study within the Scottish Primary Care Clinical Informatics Unit (PCCIU) database. Five controls were matched to cases with primary liver cancer and we used conditional logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations with statin use. We also conducted a prospective cohort study within the UK Biobank using self‐reported statin use and cancer‐registry recorded primary liver cancer outcomes. Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. In the PCCIU case–control analysis, 434 liver cancer cases were matched to 2,103 controls. In the UK Biobank cohort, 182 out of 475,768 participants developed incident liver cancer. Statin use was associated with 39% lower risk of liver cancer in the PCCIU (adjusted OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.43–0.87). When we examined specific subtypes of liver cancer in the UK Biobank, statin use was associated with lower risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC; adjusted HR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.24–0.94) but not intrahepatic bile duct carcinoma (IBDC; adjusted HR, 1.09; 95% CI, 0.45–2.64). In conclusion, we found a consistent inverse relationship between statin use and risk of primary liver cancer which was only seen for HCC but not IBDC.

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“…This retrospective cohort study used the data claims, a subset of the NHIRD, including the Registry of Beneficiaries, Registry of Catastrophic Illnesses Patient Database, and Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000. The details of similar databases utilized have been well described in previous studies . Diagnoses in the NHIRD were coded using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD‐9‐CM).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk of depressive disorder among patients with head and neck cancer: A nationwide population‐based study

et al. 2017

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Statins are associated with a reduced risk of cholangiocarcinoma: a population‐based case–control study

Cited by 41 publications

References 41 publications

Statin use and reduced risk of biliary tract cancers in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink

Statin use and reduced risk of biliary tract cancers in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink

Statin use and risk of liver cancer: Evidence from two population‐based studies

Risk of depressive disorder among patients with head and neck cancer: A nationwide population‐based study

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