Static magnetic field modulates olfactory ensheathing cell's morphology, division, and migration activities, a biophysical approach to regeneration

Abstract

The moderate static magnetic fields (SMFs) have been used here as a non-invasive tool to study their manipulative effects on the olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) activity, growth, morphology, and migration in culture. The OECs are involved in the regeneration of primary olfactory sensory neurons and migration into the central nervous system to repair axons damaged by infection, injury, etc., that play a pivotal role in complementary regenerative medicine. Here, OECs were isolated from the olfactory bulb and cultured to confluence. An in vitro wound healing model was formed and exposed to either parallel (PaSMF) or perpendicular (PeSMF) SMF at intensities of 30, 50, and 70 mT, and cells' morphology, podia formation, proliferation, and migration were studied by time-lapse recording. The SMFs were not cytotoxic at the intensity and exposure time applied here. The exposure of cells to 70 mT PaSMF and PeSMF increased the formation of lamellipodia and filopodia, cell migration speed, and direction of the scratch forefront cells, significantly. Treatment of cells with 70 mT PaSMF and PeSMF increased cell divisions, while 30 mT PaSMFdecreased it. SMF effects on OECs division, motility, migratory direction, and velocity indicate its effect on various aspects of cell physiology and signaling at atomic and molecular levels, and have a role in tissue regeneration that involves microtubules and actin filaments formation and rearrangements. Thus, the exposure of OECs with moderate SMF might be considered a promising noninvasive approach to remotely manipulate normal and stem cell activities for therapeutic regenerative purposes in various tissues including the central nervous system.

Static magnetic fields in regenerative medicine

“… 49 Exposure of rat olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) to 30, 50, and 70 mT SMFs led to filamentous pseudopod formation, cell morphology changes and cell migration promotion. 50 Nakamichi et al discovered that 100 mT SMF considerably reduced cell proliferation of neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and promoted their differentiation into neurons. 51 Pacini et al treated normal human neuronal cells (FNC-B4) with SMF generated by 200 mT magnetic resonance tomography for 120 min, and found that SMF caused significant FNC-B4 morphology changes and promoted neural differentiation.…”