Static light scattering by solutions of salt-free polyelectrolytes

Krause, R.; Maier, Erich E.; Deggelmann, M.; Hagenbüchle, M.; Schulz, Susanne; Weber, R.

doi:10.1016/0378-4371(89)90411-1

Cited by 36 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Ap lanar adsorption of short PVPQsi si na greement with the resultso ft he experimental estimationo ft he PVPQ persistent length (maximum DP for ar igid rod structure, that is, DP pl ), which was found to be 70-100 repeating units for the strong polyelectrolytes with similar structure. [21,22] Repulsion between excess positivec harges that are localized within the loops and tails of the adsorbed longer PVPQs inducestemporal defects in the outer leaflet of the lipid bilayer and migration of anionic CL 2À molecules from the inner to the outer side of the bilayer (flip-flop);t heir clustering, as shown by DSC (Figure 4, curve 4), provides the maximum amounto fi onic contacts with the polycation. The liposomem embrane is separatedi nto two phases:one enriched in DPPC (or EL), the other in CL 2À electrostatically complexed with longerP VPQ (Figure 5a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Influence of the Chain Length of Polycations on their Complexation with Anionic Liposomes

et al. 2015

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A series of strong polycations is synthesized through the anionic polymerization of 2-vinylpyridine, followed by subsequent quaternization of the resulting polymer. Polycations based on quaternized 2-vinylpyridine (PVPQs) with degrees of polymerization (DP) from 20 to 440 are adsorbed on the surface of small anionic liposomes. Liposome/PVPQ complexes are characterized by using a number of physicochemical methods. All PVPQs are totally adsorbed onto the liposome surface up to a certain concentration at which saturation is reached (which is specific for each PVPQ). The integrity of the adsorbed liposomes remains intact. Short PVPQs interact with anionic lipids localized on the outer membrane leaflet, whereas long PVPQs extract anionic lipids from the inner to outer leaflet. Complexes tend to aggregate, and the largest aggregates are formed when the initial charge of the liposomes is fully neutralized by the charge of the PVPQ. PVPQs with intermediate DPs demonstrate behavioral features of both short and long PVPQs. These results are important for the interpretation of the biological effects of cationic polymers and the selection of cationic polymers for biomedical applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Influence of the Chain Length of Polycations on their Complexation with Anionic Liposomes

et al. 2015

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“…S ( q ) of linear chain polyelectrolytes in solution has received considerable attention over the last two decades with a primary focus on polyelectrolyte chains like DNA and other highly charged molecules. 9,63–67 Several interesting features are observed in the static structure factor S ( q ), both in simulation and experimental studies. Specifically, at relative low concentrations, we observe a primary peak of polyelectrolytes in the structure factor, suggesting strong spatial correlations on a length scale on the order of the size of the molecules.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Solution properties of star polyelectrolytes having a moderate number of arms

Chremos

Douglas

2017

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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We investigate polyelectrolyte stars having a moderate number of arms by molecular dynamics simulations of a coarse-grained model over a range of polyelectrolyte concentrations, where both the counter-ions and solvent are treated explicitly. This class of polymeric materials is found to exhibit rather distinct static and dynamic properties from linear and highly branched star polyelectrolyte solutions emphasized in past studies. Moderately branched polymers are particle-like in many of their properties, while at the same time they exhibit large fluctuations in size and shape as in the case of linear chain polymers. Correspondingly, these fluctuations suppress crystallization at high polymer concentrations, leading apparently to an amorphous rather than crystalline solid state at high polyelectrolyte concentrations. We quantify the onset of this transition by measuring the polymer size and shape fluctuations of our model star polyelectrolytes and the static and dynamic structure factor of these solutions over a wide range of polyelectrolyte concentration. Our findings for star polyelectrolytes are similar to those of polymer-grafted nanoparticles having a moderate grafting density, which is natural given the soft and highly deformable nature of both of these ‘particles’.

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“…The availability of powerful scattering techniques resulted in a wealth of information regarding polyelectrolyte conformations and structure formation in dilute, semidilute, and concentrated solutions. 13,14,17−19,24−27,31,34−38 The effects from counterions and salt ions can be quite dramatic, in particular with multivalent ions. 28,32,34 Phase diagrams were composed in multicomponent polyelectrolyte solutions, but usually at room temperatures.…”

Section: A Bird’s-eye View Of Literature On Polyelectrolyte Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

50th Anniversary Perspective: A Perspective on Polyelectrolyte Solutions

2017

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From the beginning of life with the information-containing polymers until the present era of a plethora of water-based materials in health care industry and biotechnology, polyelectrolytes are ubiquitous with a broad range of structural and functional properties. The main attribute of polyelectrolyte solutions is that all molecules are strongly correlated both topologically and electrostatically in their neutralizing background of charged ions in highly polarizable solvent. These strong correlations and the necessary use of numerous variables in experiments on polyelectrolytes have presented immense challenges toward fundamental understanding of the various behaviors of charged polymeric systems. This Perspective presents the author’s subjective summary of several conceptual advances and the remaining persistent challenges in the contexts of charge and size of polymers, structures in homogeneous solutions, thermodynamic instability and phase transitions, structural evolution with oppositely charged polymers, dynamics in polyelectrolyte solutions, kinetics of phase separation, mobility of charged macromolecules between compartments, and implications to biological systems.

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Static light scattering by solutions of salt-free polyelectrolytes

Cited by 36 publications

References 29 publications

The Influence of the Chain Length of Polycations on their Complexation with Anionic Liposomes

The Influence of the Chain Length of Polycations on their Complexation with Anionic Liposomes

Solution properties of star polyelectrolytes having a moderate number of arms

50th Anniversary Perspective: A Perspective on Polyelectrolyte Solutions

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