Static and dynamic spectral properties of the monophthong vowels in Seoul Korean: Implication on sound change

Kang, Jieun; Kong, Eun Jong

doi:10.13064/ksss.2016.8.4.039

Cited by 15 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…The present study explored whether and how Korean speakers' relative uses of acoustic variables for a /u/-/o/ contrast are related to speakers' individual characteristics such as cognitive capacity and individual traits measured by autistic spectrum quotients. Acoustic examinations showed that Korean young adults produced the target vowels /u/ and /o/ distinctively along F2 dimension as well as F1 dimension, which is congruent with recent documentations of the changes in /o/-/u/ vowels as a shift in the acoustic space (e.g., Kang, 2014;Kang & Kong, 2016;Lee et al, 2017) but rules out a view of this change as a merge .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…On the other hand, more global examination of the whole vowel system in subsequent acoustic studies raised an alternative view that the /o/-raising is a part of systematic chain-shift taking place in the vowel system. That is, non-front vowels in the modern Seoul Korean undergo sound changes of raising or fronting themselves: /ʌ, o/ vowels have decreased F1 values (/ʌ, o/-raising), and /u, ɨ/ vowels have increased F2 values (/u, ɨ/-fronting) (Kang, 2014;Kang & Kong, 2016;Lee et al, 2017). Since these global changes have not accompanied any reported perceptual confusion between categories, which then would possibly imply a merge of vowel categories, this sound change can be viewed as a process of the vowels being acoustically redefined with no changes of phonological role.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With respect to the current topic of the /o/-raising, studies have found that more female speakers than male speakers produced /o/ vowels with low F1 values almost overlapping with those of /u/, indicating that female speakers are progressive in employing the new raised form of /o/ (e.g., Seong, 2004). Examining the Korean vowel system globally, other studies also pointed out the tendency that female speakers realized greater F2 differences between /o/ and /u/, while male speakers tended to rely on F1 differences (e.g., Kang & Kong, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive abilities and speakers’ adaptation of a new acoustic form: A case of a /o/-raising in Seoul Korean*

Kong¹,

Kang²

2018

Phonetics Speech Sci.

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The vowel /o/ in Seoul Korean has been undergoing a sound change by altering the acoustic weighting of F2 and F1. Studies documented that this ongoing change redefined the nature of a /o/-/u/ contrast as F2 differences rather than as F1 differences. The current study examined two cognitive factors namely executive function capacity (EF) and autistic traits, in terms of their roles in explaining who in speech community would adapt new acoustic forms of the target vowels, and who would retain the old forms. The participants, 55 college students speaking Seoul Korean, produced /o/ and /u/ vowels in isolated words; and completed three EF tasks (Digit N-Back, Stroop, and Trail-Making Task), and an Autism screening questionnaire. The relationships between speakers' cognitive task scores and their utilizations of F1 and F2 were analyzed using a series of correlation tests. Results yielded a meaningful relationship in participants' EF scores interacting with gender. Among the females, speakers with higher EF scores were better at retaining F1, which is a less informative cue for females since they utilized F2 more than they did F1 in realizing /o/ and /u/. In contrast, better EF control among male speakers was associated with more use of the new cue (F2) where males still utilized F1 as much as F2 in the production of /o/ and /u/ vowels. Taken together, individual differences in acoustic realization can be explained by individuals' cognitive abilities, and their progress in the sound change further predicts that cognitive ability influences the utilization of acoustic information which is non-primary to the speaker.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cognitive abilities and speakers’ adaptation of a new acoustic form: A case of a /o/-raising in Seoul Korean*

Kong¹,

Kang²

2018

Phonetics Speech Sci.

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“…However, the significant difference was one of age, with no interaction with region. Older talkers’ /ʌ/ and /ɨ/ productions were significantly closer in acoustic space than those of younger talkers, which is likely due to the F2 of /ɨ/ increasing in younger Seoul speakers (Kang & Kong, 2016; Lee et al, 2017; Yang, 1996).…”

Section: Acoustic Analysismentioning

confidence: 91%

The Potential Role of Talker Age in the Perception of Regional Accent

et al. 2019

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The speech signal contains potential cues to a wide range of socioindexical variables. The aim of the current study was to investigate how one variable, talker age, might interact with the perception of a theoretically independent variable, regional accent. We investigated this question specifically in the case of Korean: although many studies have reported on phonetic differences among Korean dialects and speakers’ beliefs and attitudes about them, there has been virtually no research on the auditory perception of such variation. Potential acoustic cues to regional accent were measured in read sentence productions from a total of 72 male talkers in their 20s or 50s to 60s from six Korean provinces. Then, in a perception experiment, native listeners from Seoul ( n = 21), Gyeongsang ( n = 10), and Jeolla ( n = 10) listened to the sentences and were asked to identify the talker’s regional origin from among 6 provinces. Listeners’ responses correlated with talker age: young talkers were disproportionately perceived as being from Seoul, and old talkers—even life-long Seoul residents—were disproportionately perceived as being from non-Seoul regions. A follow-up experiment with listeners from Seoul ( n = 30) in which talker age was treated as a between-subjects factor showed an attenuated effect, suggesting that the effect of talker age on perceived regional origin may be partially driven by a contrast effect, such that the speech of older talkers is perceived as less standard—and thus coming from a non-Seoul region—when being directly compared with that of younger talkers.

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“…그러나 최근 에는 /ᅩ/와 /ᅮ/의 합류에 대한 논의도 활발히 진행되고 있다. 1 선행연구 (Chae, 1999;Ha & Oh, 2017;Kang & Kong, 2016;Lee et al, 2016;Lee et al, 2017;Seong, 2004;Yang, 2018;Yoon & Kim, 2015)…”

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Frequency of grammar items for Korean substitution of /u/ for /o/ in the word-final position

Yoon¹

2020

Phonetics Speech Sci.

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Static and dynamic spectral properties of the monophthong vowels in Seoul Korean: Implication on sound change

Cited by 15 publications

References 12 publications

Cognitive abilities and speakers’ adaptation of a new acoustic form: A case of a /o/-raising in Seoul Korean*

Cognitive abilities and speakers’ adaptation of a new acoustic form: A case of a /o/-raising in Seoul Korean*

The Potential Role of Talker Age in the Perception of Regional Accent

Frequency of grammar items for Korean substitution of /u/ for /o/ in the word-final position

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