State-of-the-art overview of pipeline steel corrosion in impure dense CO₂ for CCS transportation: mechanisms and models

Abstract

This work reviews the existing open literature concerned with pipeline steel corrosion in CO 2 -rich phase with impurities for carbon capture and storage purpose. The intent of this review was to provide information on the corrosion mechanisms, which is crucial for establishing the mechanistic prediction models. The primary focus was placed on key affecting parameters and their corresponding mechanisms, while the corrosion control strategies and research prospects are also discussed. This review covers the effects of: impurities, pressure, temperature, flow, exposure time, product layers, and steel chemistry. The influences of flow dynamics, amines, sulphur, and solids that had received little systematic attention need to be further addressed. Contradictory conclusions regarding the influence of H 2 O and O 2 on the corrosion rates should be re-evaluated. The localised corrosion and cathodic reaction mechanisms also require further investigation, especially under synergistic conditions with multiple impurities.

Effects of O2 and SO2 on Water Chemistry Characteristics and Corrosion Behavior of X70 Pipeline Steel in Supercritical CO2 Transport System

“…The presence of FeSO 4 in the corrosion products confirms that H 2 SO 4 is able to form in the system containing O 2 and SO 2 . Two possible mechanisms are expected to result in the formation of H 2 SO 4 : SO 2 dissolves in condensed water to form H 2 SO 3 which further reacts with the dissolved O 2 to produce H 2 SO 4 [eq ], ,, or SO 2 first reacts with O 2 in SC CO 2 phase to form SO 3 [eq ], and subsequently SO 3 dissolves in condensed water to produce H 2 SO 4 [eq ]. , However, considering that O 2 and SO 2 have quite low concentrations in the aqueous phase and most of the O 2 and SO 2 distribute in the SC CO 2 phase (Figure c), the second mechanism [eqs and ] probably dominates the formation of H 2 SO 4 . …”

Supercritical Fluid Application in the Oil and Gas Industry: A Comprehensive Review

“…Practically, this means that parts and pipelines that are used for preheating or cooling will be more intensively confirmed by corrosion. Obtaining relatively pure carbon dioxide is an expensive technology, especially when it comes to receiving it from flue gases [126]. From this perspective, carbon dioxide in addition to H 2 O during transportation and injection may include various impurities, such as SO x , NO x , HCl, CO, O 2 , Ar, H 2 , H 2 S, CH 4 , and N 2 .…”

Corrosion in CO2 Systems with Impurities Creating Strong Acids

“…The corrosion mechanism depends on which impurity is present in the experiments but most of the suggested mechanisms 16,19,[21][22][23] in the literature follows an absorption of impurity in an existing water film on the surface to create acids like sulfuric/sulfurous, and/or nitric/nitrous acid. The corrosion products often found are FeSO 3 , FeCO 3 , Fe 2 O 3 , and FeOOH 12,16,19 .…”