State of the art of aerobic granulation in continuous flow bioreactors

Kent, Timothy R.; Bott, Charles; Wang, Zhi‐Wu

doi:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2018.03.015

Cited by 145 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…The aerobic granulation is a self-immobilization process in which the loose biomass is converted into high-density compacted granule [1][2][3][4]. The aerobic granular sludge (AGS), compared to traditional activated sludge, has more excellent characteristics in terms of regular shape and compact structure, sedimentation, biomass accumulation, resistance to toxic compounds and high organic load, and removal efficiency of nutrient salts [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio on the performance and stability of aerobic granular sludge

Kim

Ahn

2020

Environmental Engineering Research

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The purpose of this study was to assess the nutrient salts removal efficiency and stability of the aerobic granular sludge (AGS) by change in C/N (carbon to nitrogen) ratio. The laboratory-scale experiments were performed to analyze the removal efficiencies for organic matter and contents of nitrogen, MLSS, sludge volume index, and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) under C/N ratio conditions of 5.0, 10.0, 15.0, and 20.0. The microorganisms were observed using optical microscope and the microbial communities were analyzed using pyrosequencing. The increase in C/N ratio from 5.0 to 20.0 increased the organic matter and nitrogen removal efficiency to 95.9 and 79.1%, respectively. For the EPS contents, an influencing factor of granule stability, the polysaccharides to protein (PS/PN) ratio increased from 0.55 to 0.79. For the microbial community, the <i>Thauera</i> was the most common genus in ending phase occupying 63.7%. This microorganism is regarded as one contributing to organic matter degradation and improved production of EPS including AGS of microorganism, thus, may be an explanation of the results of this study such as increase in organic material in AGS and improvement of denitrification efficiency and contents of EPS with increase in C/N ratio.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio on the performance and stability of aerobic granular sludge

Kim

Ahn

2020

Environmental Engineering Research

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“…In the field of advanced biological nitrogen removal for mainstream wastewater treatment, efforts are merging from two research directions, that is, (a) employ anammox in mainstream to reduce 60% of energy and 100% of chemicals required in traditional biological nitrogen removal (Strous, Heijnen, Kuenen, & Jetten, 1998; Tomaszewski, Cema, & Ziembińska‐Buczyńska, 2017); and (b) employ aerobic granular sludge in mainstream for high‐rate bioreaction, bioprocess consolidation, and settleability enhancement (Kent, Bott, & Wang, 2018; Sun, Angelotti, & Wang, 2019). As a result, attempts have been made to immobilize critical microbial communities required for successful anammox in aerobic granules with the hope of future application in the continuous‐flow treatment trains of mainstream wastewater treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the slow‐growing nitrifying aerobic granules are noted for their outstanding structural stability (Liu, Yang, & Tay, 2004), almost all of the aerobic granules reported so far were cultivated in SBRs (He, Zhang, Zhang, & Wang, 2017; Wei et al, 2018), which is incompatible with the continuous‐flow nature of the mainstream wastewater treatment (Kent et al, 2018; Sun et al, 2019). Although some nitrifying granules have been studied in CFRs, the longest cultivation only lasted about 300–400 days (Bartrolí, Pérez, & Carrera, 2010; Isanta et al, 2015; Kent et al, 2018). Technically, aerobic granular sludge is amenable to SBRs but not to CFRs due to the challenges in implementing feast/famine conditions and selection pressure required for aerobic granulation in the latter (Kent et al, 2018; Sun et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Free ammonia resistance of nitrite‐oxidizing bacteria developed in aerobic granular sludge cultivated in continuous upflow airlift reactors performing partial nitritation

Kent²,

Sun

et al. 2020

Water Environment Research

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Free ammonia (FA) inhibition has been taken advantage as a strategy to suppress the growth of nitrite‐oxidizing bacteria (NOB) in aerobic granules stabilized in a continuous upflow airlift reactor to achieve partial nitritation. However, after nearly 18 months of continuous exposure of aerobic granules to FA in the reactor, the FA inhibition of NOB was proven ineffective, and the partial nitritation gradually shifted to partial nitrification even though the long‐term granule structural stability remained excellent under the continuous‐flow mode. The extent of NOB resistance to FA inhibition was quantified based on the kinetic response of NOB to various FA concentrations in the form of an uncompetitive inhibition coefficient. It was confirmed that the NOB immobilized in larger granules under longer term exposure to FA tend to become more resistant to FA. Thereby, it was concluded that NOB can develop strong resistance to FA after continuous exposure, and thus, FA inhibition is not a reliable strategy to achieve partial nitritation in mainstream wastewater treatment. Practitioner points Nitrifying aerobic granules can remain structurally stable in continuous‐flow bioreactors. NOB developed free ammonia resistance after 6‐month continuous exposure. Larger aerobic granules tended to develop stronger free ammonia resistance. Free ammonia inhibition is not a reliable strategy for mainstream anammox.

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“…Energy consumption is lower and the treatment performance is improved [45,46]. Up to now, the technology has only been developed as a batch process, and therefore process technology is under development to realize continuous treatment [47].…”

Section: Nereda ® Fast Settling Of Sludgementioning

confidence: 99%

Future Options for Sewage and Drainage Systems Three Scenarios for Transitions and Continuity

Mulder

2019

Sustainability

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The challenge of sustainable development requires cities to aim for drastic improvements in the systems that support its vital functions. Innovating these systems can be extremely hard, and might take lots of time. A transparent and democratic strategy is important to guarantee support for change. Such a process should aim at developing consensus regarding a basic vision to guide the process of systems change. This paper sketches future options for the development of sanitation- and urban drainage systems in industrialized economies. It will provide an analysis of relevant trends for sewage system innovation. In history, sewage systems have emerged from urban sewage and precipitation removal systems, to urban sewage and precipitation removal and cleaning systems. The challenge for the future is recovering energy and resources from sewage systems while maintaining/improving its sanitary service and lowering its emissions.

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State of the art of aerobic granulation in continuous flow bioreactors

Cited by 145 publications

References 110 publications

Effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio on the performance and stability of aerobic granular sludge

Effects of carbon to nitrogen ratio on the performance and stability of aerobic granular sludge

Free ammonia resistance of nitrite‐oxidizing bacteria developed in aerobic granular sludge cultivated in continuous upflow airlift reactors performing partial nitritation

Future Options for Sewage and Drainage Systems Three Scenarios for Transitions and Continuity

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