Future Options for Sewage and Drainage Systems Three Scenarios for Transitions and Continuity

Mulder, Karel

doi:10.3390/su11051383

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…There are many sources of CH 4 , including irrigation [3,4] and livestock breeding [5] in agriculture, the exploitation of coal and oil resources in industry [6], traffic [7,8], landfill [9], wastewater treatment [10,11], and so on. With the continuous development of human society, the scale of the urban sewerage system is increasing, and the sewage sludge in the wastewater pipeline connecting the whole system will also produce CH 4 in the anaerobic environment [12,13]. Sewage inspection wells will Sustainability 2023, 15, 16637 2 of 15 be set up at certain intervals on the pipeline to balance the gas pressure and facilitate maintenance [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methane Exchange Flux Monitoring between Potential Source Sewage Inspection Wells and the Atmosphere Based on Laser Spectroscopy Method

Wang,

Zhao,

Dong

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Greenhouse gas emissions are changing the climate and affecting human activities. In cities, the anaerobic environment in sewage inspection wells produces CH4, which is exchanged with the atmosphere and causes pollution. Moreover, although the number of inspection wells has increased with the development of cities, people have not paid enough attention to this potential source of CH4 and ignored it in the statistics of greenhouse gas inventories. Conventional gas monitoring methods like gas chromatography are complex and expensive. Based on the portable TDLAS CH4 sensor developed by our team, combined with a gas velocity analyser, we realised in situ continuous flux monitoring. We corrected the effect of temperature on the results according to the theory of infrared thermometry. We showed that the measurement results of the sensor fluctuate within the range of ±0.1 ppm of the measured standard gas concentration. We also verified its repeatability and ensured its reliability in field applications by comparing its results with the results of gas chromatography analysis. In addition to flux monitoring, based on the monitoring data of 56 inspection wells in the study area, the average concentration was estimated using the Bootstrap method, and combined with the average value of gas velocity, the average flux was estimated to be 2.19 × 10−6 mol/s, and the daily exchange mass was 3.03 g CH4 d−1. Combined with information such as the length of sewage pipes, we estimate that the annual CH4 exchange mass in the city is about 5.49 × 105 kg CH4 yr−1. This monitoring method will help us to understand climate change and improve greenhouse gas inventories.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methane Exchange Flux Monitoring between Potential Source Sewage Inspection Wells and the Atmosphere Based on Laser Spectroscopy Method

Wang,

Zhao,

Dong

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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“…At present, the monitoring of sewage treatment plants is mostly based on local monitoring, and the whole monitoring system is composed of a host computer and PLC (Programmable Logic Controller). Operators need to conduct data monitoring and operation locally, and cannot remotely monitor the operation of the system [5]. The traditional monitoring system of sewage treatment plants based on local data supported the automation development of early sewage treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Renovation of Automation System Based on Industrial Internet of Things: A Case Study of a Sewage Treatment Plant

Zhu

Wang

Zhang

2020

Sensors

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The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is of great significance to the improvement of industrial efficiency and quality, and to reduce industrial costs and resources. However, there are few openly-reported practical project applications based on the IIoT up to now. For legacy automation devices in traditional industry, it is especially challenging to realize the upgrading of industrial automation adopting the IIoT technology with less investment. Based on the practical engineering experience, this paper introduces the automation renovation of a sewage treatment plant. The legacy automation devices are upgraded by the central controller of a STM32 processor (Produced by STMicroelectronics company, located in Geneva, Switzerland), and the WeChatApplet (Developed by Tencent company, located in Shenzhen, China) is used as the extended host computer. A set of remote monitoring and control systems of sewage treatment based on the IIoT is built to realize the wide-area monitoring and control of sewage treatment. The paper describes the field hardware system, wide-area monitoring and control application program, management cloud platform and security technologies in detail. The actual operation results show that the monitoring system has the requirements of high accuracy, good real-time performance, reliable operation and low cost.

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“…Moreover, cities are centres of the young [4] and bright avant-garde, who generally are a driving force of change. The knowledge infrastructure, research institutions, universities, design and engineering agencies are virtually all located in cities [5,6].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Urban Innovation Strategies

Mulder

2019

Sustainability

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In recent years, it has become a commonplace to argue that cities should be the focus point of sustainable development. Various authors have presented a variety of arguments why cities should be the preferred target to foster sustainable development-focused innovation; -The average consumption of resources of urban dwellers is higher. -The population of cities is growing continuously, while rural populations stabilize [1]. -Deteriorating living conditions and segregation in cities caused by processes of gentrification of traditional neighbourhoods that drive out lower income groups to the suburbs [2]. -Cities are 'concentrated' emitters of pollutants and therefore solutions and re-use might be easier to implement [3].On the other hand, authors have argued that the nature of the city, as being a centre of gravity of production and consumption, creates options for leaps in the resource and land use efficiency: As distances of transport are relatively short, options for a circular economy that could reduce resource consumption, emissions, and land use are much more within the reach of cities than they are for rural communities.Moreover, cities are centres of the young [4] and bright avant-garde, who generally are a driving force of change. The knowledge infrastructure, research institutions, universities, design and engineering agencies are virtually all located in cities [5,6]. So why have those circular urban economy options not yet been developed?The first factor that has to be mentioned is that the type of innovation required does not lead to a relatively simple development of optimisation: -It concerns co-optimisation of consumption of materials and scarce energy resources, waste/emission reduction, and the efficient use of space (for different purposes); a complex of interrelated issues, interests, and risks. -Change in the existing urban fabric is complex and expensive. New 'greenfield' urban areas have become rare in most parts of the world. For change of existing urban systems, there are only rare, and quite narrowly defined, windows of opportunity to implement major change. -The large-scale systems of the city have a monopolistic (or highly regulated market) character. In such systems, the incentives for innovation are weak, and might be suppressed by an organisational culture of autonomy [7]. -The future city requires not just new organisations and systems but also new behaviours of both citizens and organisations. That implies not just learning new behaviours, but also unlearning old behaviours. -Together, this creates such complexity that traditional planning will not be very successful. Socio-technical experiments [8], living labs [9,10] and niche experiments [11] might be means to both stimulate and analyse processes of change in the city.

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Future Options for Sewage and Drainage Systems Three Scenarios for Transitions and Continuity

Cited by 8 publications

References 49 publications

Methane Exchange Flux Monitoring between Potential Source Sewage Inspection Wells and the Atmosphere Based on Laser Spectroscopy Method

Methane Exchange Flux Monitoring between Potential Source Sewage Inspection Wells and the Atmosphere Based on Laser Spectroscopy Method

Renovation of Automation System Based on Industrial Internet of Things: A Case Study of a Sewage Treatment Plant

Sustainable Urban Innovation Strategies

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