State‐of‐the‐Art and Future Prospects for Atomically Thin Membranes from 2D Materials

Prozorovska, Liudmyla; Kidambi, Piran R.

doi:10.1002/adma.201801179

Cited by 91 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 207 publications

(531 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Grain boundaries, tears, wrinkles, and framework defects in large-scale 2-D laminate and nanoporous sheet membranes present little resistance to solute transport, thus reducing the water-solute selectivity of the membrane. 29,42 The immobilization and alignment of novel materials, such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and aquaporins, also presents challenges. For example, immobilization of CNTs in support matrices has proven difficult, likely due to the lack of stabilizing interactions at the channel-matrix interface.…”

Section: Pressure-driven Desalination: Reverse Osmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The relative insignificance of advanced materials in enhancing the energy efficiency of desalination technologies

Patel

Ritt

Deshmukh

et al. 2020

Energy Environ. Sci.

237

152

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Pressure-driven Desalination: Reverse Osmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

The relative insignificance of advanced materials in enhancing the energy efficiency of desalination technologies

Patel

Ritt

Deshmukh

et al. 2020

Energy Environ. Sci.

237

152

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One is nanoporous atomically thin membranes (NATMs) where vacant pores are introduced on a single 2D nanosheet to regulate transmembrane transport. Considering its ultrathin layer, this porous structure is in theory the ultimate combination of permeability and selectivity . However, the difficulty of creating high density of pores with uniform size and shape on nanosheets hinders the large‐area synthesis of NATMs and retards their practical applications at the moment .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

2D Laminar Membranes for Selective Water and Ion Transport

Kang

Xia

Wang

et al. 2019

Adv Funct Materials

241

148

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

energy storage and conversion devices, [26][27][28] as outlined in recent reviews (Figure 1, left). [29] Behind these applications lie a fundamental question: how water and ion transport are controlled in the laminar structure to obtain desired selectivity. A comprehensive summary of structure-transport relation is thereby imperative to understand and optimize membrane selective performance, but is so far lacking. In such context, our review aims to fill this gap by discussing: 1) how 2D materials with specific physicochemical features are assembled into laminar membranes; 2) most importantly, how membrane structure, and its response to external impacts, can tune mass transport (herein, water and ions); 3) how these transport mechanisms translate into selectivity in applications, and into future design of high-performance laminar membranes. Unsolved problems and emerging challenges around these topics are then concluded. We note that the knowledge summarized here can also, at least partly, assist the understanding of the selective gas, liquid, and micromolecule transport through laminar membranes, which are gaining considerable attention as well. [30][31][32] Transition Metal Carbides and/or Nitrides (MXene): MXene nanosheets are etched and delaminated from parent bulk MAX to M n+1 X n T x (e.g., Ti 3 C 2 T x ), and have thus several atom sublayers. [39] While M and X are early transition metal

show abstract

“…However, i) large‐area membrane quality graphene synthesis and transfer to suitable porous supports (without polymer residue or other contamination from transfer), ii) mitigation of nonselective leakage by plugging tears/damages to graphene from transfer and subsequent processing during membrane fabrication, and most importantly iii) the formation of nanopores with a high density and narrow size distribution using cost‐effective, scalable processes are some of the major challenges that need to be collectively addressed to realize NATMs for practical applications . Here, we note that large‐area monolayer graphene synthesis has been demonstrated via roll‐to‐roll chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes .…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Facile Fabrication of Large‐Area Atomically Thin Membranes by Direct Synthesis of Graphene with Nanoscale Porosity

et al. 2018

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

NATMs). [1,3,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Such NATMs with extremely high permeance and selectivity [3,4,7,8,[12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] are expected to offer significant advances over current state-of-the-art polymer membranes, specifically for diffusion-based separation processes such as dialysis. [9] However, i) large-area membrane quality graphene synthesis [1,21,22] and transfer to suitable porous supports (without polymer residue or other contamination from transfer), [1,9,21,[23][24][25][26] ii) mitigation of nonselective leakage by plugging tears/ damages to graphene from transfer and subsequent processing during membrane fabrication, [1,9,13,26] and most importantly iii) the formation of nanopores with a high density and narrow size distribution using cost-effective, scalable processes [1,9,13,27,28] are some of the major challenges that need to be collectively addressed to realize NATMs for practical applications. [22,29] Here, we note that large-area monolayer graphene synthesis has been demonstrated via roll-to-roll chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes. [22,30] Further, graphene transfer at large scale has also been shown [30,31] (although complete elimination of polymer residue remains nontrivial) [17,32,33] and widely used scalable membrane manufacturing techniques such as interfacial polymerization have been adapted to effectively plug leakage across tears/damage in graphene. [13] However, facile, cost-effective processes to form nanoscale defects in Direct synthesis of graphene with well-defined nanoscale pores over large areas can transform the fabrication of nanoporous atomically thin membranes (NATMs) and greatly enhance their potential for practical applications. However, scalable bottom-up synthesis of continuous sheets of nanoporous graphene that maintain integrity over large areas has not been demonstrated. Here, it is shown that a simple reduction in temperature during chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on Cu induces in-situ formation of nanoscale defects (≤2-3 nm) in the graphene lattice, enabling direct and scalable synthesis of nanoporous monolayer graphene. By solution-casting of hierarchically porous polyether sulfone supports on the as-grown nanoporous CVD graphene, large-area (>5 cm2 ) NATMs for dialysis applications are demonstrated. The synthesized NATMs show size-selective diffusive transport and effective separation of small molecules and salts from a model protein, with ≈2-100× increase in permeance along with selectivity better than or comparable to state-of-the-art commercially available polymeric dialysis membranes. The membranes constitute the largest fully functional NATMs fabricated via bottom-up nanopore formation, and can be easily scaled up to larger sizes permitted by CVD synthesis. The results highlight synergistic benefits in blending traditional membrane casting with bottom-up pore creation during graphene CVD for advancing NATMs toward practical applications.

show abstract

State‐of‐the‐Art and Future Prospects for Atomically Thin Membranes from 2D Materials

Cited by 91 publications

References 207 publications

The relative insignificance of advanced materials in enhancing the energy efficiency of desalination technologies

The relative insignificance of advanced materials in enhancing the energy efficiency of desalination technologies

2D Laminar Membranes for Selective Water and Ion Transport

Facile Fabrication of Large‐Area Atomically Thin Membranes by Direct Synthesis of Graphene with Nanoscale Porosity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About