State dependence of upper airway respiratory motoneurons: Functions of the cricothyroid and nasolabial muscles of the unanesthetized rat

Sherrey, J.H.; Megirian, D.

doi:10.1016/0013-4694(77)90129-8

Cited by 60 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…During cooling the development of coordinated inspiratory activity in the genioglossus and alae nasi in association with the deep regular breathing present during the high voltage-like electrocortical activity of phases one and two is similar to that observed in adult man and rats in quiet sleep (3, 1 1, 12). Similarly the pattern seen in phase two when the LV REM-like state reappears resembles the adult pattern where phasic inspiratory genioglossus or alae nasi activity is greatly reduced or absent in REM sleep and genioglossus or alae nasi activity, if present, is related to facial twitching or jaw movements rather than breathing (3, 1 1, 13,14). A similar pattern has also been observed in (19).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

Surface Cooling Rapidly Induces Coordinated Activity in the Upper and Lower Airway Muscles of the Fetal Lamb in Utero

1988

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

Surface Cooling Rapidly Induces Coordinated Activity in the Upper and Lower Airway Muscles of the Fetal Lamb in Utero

1988

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“…The absence of induced activation of inspiratory discharges in the Xsl and XII nerves by CO2 stimulation contrasted with the almost identical augmentation in the phrenic and recurrent laryngeal nerve activities caused by elevated PCO2 in the cat (EYZAGUIRRE and TAYLOR, 1963). SHERREY and MEGIRIAN (1977), however, reported interesting observations that in the unanesthetized rat, CO2 enhanced expiratory activities and inhibited inspiratory activities in the cricothyroid muscle. In the anesthetized rat, as shown in the present experiment, an increase in inspiratory activities due to an elevated PCO2 appeared in the phrenic nerve only.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The respiratory phasic activities in the cranial and phrenic nerves are derived from different groups of output neurons in the bulbo-pontine respiratory complex, while these output neurons are driven from a common source, i.e., the respiratory rhythm generator in the lower brain stem. Respiratory electrical activities in the cranial nerves and their innervating muscles are, however, assessed to be more sensitive to anesthesia or to general neural depression during sleep than the activities in the phrenic nerve (COHEN, 1979 ;MURAKAMI and KIRCHNER, 1974 ;SHERREY and MEGIRIAN, 1977). An interesting example of depression during sleep is the pharyngeal airway obstruction due to reduction in inspiratory activities in the genioglossus muscle (REMMERS et al, 1978 ;SAUERLAND and HARPER, 1976).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in respiratory neural activities between vagal (superior laryngeal), hypoglossal, and phrenic nerves in the anesthetized rat.

Fukuda

Honda

1982

Jpn.J.Physiol

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Respiratory neural activities were recorded from the efferent vagal (superior laryngeal (Xsl)), hypoglossal (XII), and phrenic nerves in spontaneously breathing rats anesthetized with halothane. The onset of inspiratory discharges in the cranial nerves was slightly earlier (5-60 msec) but more gradual than that of phrenic bursts. When the anesthesia was deepened by increasing the concentration of halothane or by injection of pentobarbital, inspiratory discharges in the three nerves were well maintained although there was a progressive decrease in respiratory frequency and a prolongation of the delay from the start of Xsl or XII inspiratory activities to the onset of phrenic bursts. Inhalation of CO2 increased respiratory frequency and augmented the peak phrenic activity whereas the peak inspiratory activities in the cranial nerves remained unchanged under elevated end-tidal PCO2. Both in deeper anesthesia and in hypercapnia, changes in respiratory frequency were due mainly to alterations in the duration of expiration. The results indicated that in the rat, 1) overall inspiratory activities in various nerves innervating the diaphragm and accessory respiratory muscles in the upper airway are quite resistant to depressing actions of halothane or halothane-pentobarbital anesthesia, although the mechanism controlling respiratory frequency is strongly affected, and 2) excitatory signals elicited by an elevated PC o , via respiratory chemosensors preferentially augment inspiratory activities in the phrenic nerve. Factors influencing the temporal difference in the onset of inspiratory activities in the cranial and phrenic nerves are discussed.

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“…Upper airway resistance is known to increase during NREM sleep in humans Lopes et al, 1983) and animals Megirian et al, 1978;Orem & Lydic, 1978;Orem et al, 1977b;Sherrey & Megirian, 1977;. However, Rist et al (1986) have shown that during sleep, reduced mechanical efficiency accounts for only a portion of the total reduction in ventilation, the other factors being reduced central respiratory neural output and reduced metabolic rate.…”

Section: Upper-airway Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of studies have reported decreased tone in upper airway musculature during NREM sleep Megirian, Cespuglio & Jouvet, 1978;Orem & Lydic, 1978;Orem et al, 1977b;Sherrey & Megirian, 1977;. Intercostal muscle tone has been shown to decrease (Parmeggiani & Sabattini, 1972) or to remain the same (Duron & Marlot, 1980).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ventilation during sleep onset

Colrain

Trinder

Fraser

et al. 1987

Journal of Applied Physiology

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There is now considerable evidence which indicates that respiratory activity is different during sleep compared with wakefulness. However, there has been little work on respiratory changes during the transitional period from wakefulness to sleep. The present study was concerned with the quantitative and temporal properties of ventilation during sleep onset. Sleep onsets were studied in five young male adults in a series of single-subject designs in which sleep onsets were replications. The results indicated that during sleep onset the loss of alpha-activity in the electroencephalogram was associated with a substantial, rapid, and highly predictable reduction in ventilation. The change in ventilation was typically due to a reduction in tidal volume and was, in part, secondary to a reduction in metabolic rate. We speculate that the nonmetabolic component may reflect the loss of waking neural drive to respiration, though the present study did not eliminate a variety of other interpretations.

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State dependence of upper airway respiratory motoneurons: Functions of the cricothyroid and nasolabial muscles of the unanesthetized rat

Cited by 60 publications

References 9 publications

Surface Cooling Rapidly Induces Coordinated Activity in the Upper and Lower Airway Muscles of the Fetal Lamb in Utero

Surface Cooling Rapidly Induces Coordinated Activity in the Upper and Lower Airway Muscles of the Fetal Lamb in Utero

Differences in respiratory neural activities between vagal (superior laryngeal), hypoglossal, and phrenic nerves in the anesthetized rat.

Ventilation during sleep onset

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