Start-Up, Operation, Monitoring and Control of High-Rate Anaerobic Treatment Systems

Abstract

High-rate anaerobic treatment has emerged as a viable alternative for the treatment of many industrial and municipal wastewaters. A number of different process options have been reduced to practice, although some configurations are clearly more well developed than others. One common thread that links these various processes (principally the Anaerobic Filter, Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket and Expanded/Fluidized Bed Reactors), is the ability to effectively separate solids and hydraulic retention times. This permits design to be based upon the degradative capacity of the anaerobes, not growth rate and results in reduction of treatment times from days (typical for conventional digester systems) to hours. This article compares and contrasts the principles of start-up and operation of these different high-rate anaerobic systems based upon laboratory research and full-scale operating experience gained over the past two decades. The application of anaerobic processes for treatment of certain toxic and hazardous waste streams is just beginning. The limited work performed to date and anticipated future needs for process monitoring and control are also presented in this article.

MSG Wastewater Treatment with UASB-AOMBR Coupling process

“…The Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Volatile Solids (VS)，ammonia (NH 3 -N), pH, and Volatile Suspended Solids (VSS) of samples are analyzed as per the procedure given in the Standard Methods (APHA,2005) [16] . Volatile fatty acids (VFA) determination was performed by HPLC, with a Jasco unit.…”

Effect of Carrier Materials in Inverse Anaerobic Fluidized Bed Reactor for Treating High Strength Organic Waste Water

“…The carrier material properties are highly influenced by the reactor hydraulics and biofilm thickness [5]. Prior to the selection of carrier materials, both physical and chemical characteristics of the media should be considered.…”

“…Thus, porosity and roughness of the support surface play a major role during the initial start-up period. Support of the porous or rough surface are very much essential and hence recommended [5] for quick start up. One of the most advantages of fluidized bed reactors is the large surface area available for biofilm formation and attachment, which allows higher concentration of biomass.…”

“…To reduce the diameter over the specific area and the operating costs the superficial fluidization characteristics velocity should be kept at low values, forcing the use of small size particles, which also provide greater surface area available for colonization and recommended sizes ranging between 0.1 mm and 0.7 mm [4]. Support media for IAFBR should have a uniform size and shape, in order to achieve a uniform particle fluidization throughout the reactor height without diffusion limitations and channeling effect [5]. One of the assumptions made when developing models is that the biofilm is uniformly distributed along the carrier, forming a layer of equal thickness.…”

High rate anaerobic treatment of Sago wastewater using HUASB with PUF as carrier

“…Polyurethane is known to offer excellent colonization matrix in high rate reactors (Hysman et al, 1985) and entrap suspended solids in wastewater (Elmitwalli et al, 2002a) leading to an increase in the overall treatment efficiency. Shapiro and Switzenbanum (1984) and Hickley et al, (1991).…”