Starch synthase activity and heat shock protein in relation to thermal tolerance of developing wheat grains

Sumesh, K. V.; Sharma–Natu, Poonam; Ghildiyal, M. C.

doi:10.1007/s10535-008-0145-x

Cited by 76 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…In cereals, manipulation of this enzyme is a prime target to increase starch production during seed development as a means to increase sink strength and, in turn, crop yields. In photosynthetic tissues, the chloroplast-localized AGPase regulates one of the key control points in carbon partitioning between starch and sucrose (Heldt et al 1977;Preiss et al 1991;Stitt 1996) as its catalytic activity is governed by the ratio of two small effector molecules; it is activated by 3-phosphoglyceric acid (3-PGA) and inhibited by inorganic phosphate (Pi) (Preiss et al 1991); as also reported in developing rice seeds (Sikka et al 2001;Sakulsingharoj et al 2004) and potato tubers (Sowokinos and Preiss 1982;Sumesh et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity in relation to yield potential of wheat: Response to independent and combined high temperature and drought stress

Kaur

Madaan

Behl

2017

Cereal Research Communications

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ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) activity in the developing grains of two contrasting wheat cultivars WH730 (thermo-tolerant) and UP2565 (thermo-sensitive) was determined in relation to their allosteric effectors and grain growth. The developing grains (35 days after anthesis) were excised from the middle portion of spikes of wheat genotypes subjected to high temperature, drought and their combination at booting, post-anthesis and booting+post-anthesis. The impact of stress treatments was studied by measuring starch content and yield attributes in relation to AGPase activity. AGPase, a key enzyme for starch synthesis, is allosterically activated by 3-phosphoglyceric acid (3-PGA) and inhibited by inorganic phosphate (Pi). Sensitivity of AGPase towards individual and combined high temperature and drought has not been adequately investigated, therefore the present study analyzed AGPase activity, its sensitivity to allosteric effectors under influence of high temperature, drought in order to elucidate the relationship of AGPase with starch accumulation and grain growth. Significant difference in behavior of the enzyme and its allosteric effectors were observed between the two cultivars under high temperature and/or drought. AGPase activity was substantially decreased by high temperature, drought and was found to be positively correlated with the 3-PGA, starch accumulation and yield attributes, while negatively correlated with Pi content. The results showed that effects of high temperature and drought were additive and more severe at booting+post-anthesis stage. Such studies might help in understanding the control mechanisms associated with the pathway of starch biosynthesis and thus provide chemical means to manipulate starch content vis-à-vis grain yield under heat and drought stress.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 75%

ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity in relation to yield potential of wheat: Response to independent and combined high temperature and drought stress

Kaur

Madaan

Behl

2017

Cereal Research Communications

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“…A higher build-up of sugars in wheat grains under heat shock was probably due to their reduced conversion of sugars to starch. Sumesh et al (2008) associated high temperature tolerance of a cultivar with higher catalytic efficiency (Vmax/Km) of soluble starch synthase at elevated temperature and higher content of heat shock protein 100. Application of GA 3 stimulated free sugar content while ABA inhibited this effect in grains maintained at normal temperature in all three cultivars (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo studies on artificial induction of thermotolerance to detached panicles of wheat (Triticum aestivum L) cultivars under heat stress

Asthir

Bhatia

2011

J Food Sci Technol

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The mechanism imparting thermotolerance by gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) and abscisic acid (ABA) is still unresolved using either spraying technique or in vitro conditions. Alternative way of studying these effects under near in vivo conditions is through the use of liquid culturing technique. Effects of GA 3 and ABA (100 μM) on sucrose metabolism (invertase and sucrose synthase) and aminotransferases (GOT and GPT) in relation to starch and protein accumulation were studied in detached panicles of three wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars PBW 343, C 306 (heat tolerant) and WH 542 (heat susceptible) cultured in a liquid medium. Ears were subjected to heat shock treatment (45°C for 2 h) and then maintained at 25°C for 5 days. Heat shock treatment resulted in a significant decline in starch content but caused a marked build -up of total free sugars and protein content in grains of all cultivars. However, activities of acid and neutral invertases increased only in tolerant cultivars but reduced in susceptible cultivar. Following treatment with GA 3 contents of starch and free sugars increased in grains maintained at 25°C but free sugar content decreased in stressed grains compared to control. ABA application showed inhibitory effect on starch accumulation under normal temperature but was promotory under stress conditions. Concomitantly, soluble protein content also increased in conjunction with an increase in the activities of glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase (GPT). Apparently, the wheat grain responds to heat shock mediated disruption of carbon metabolism by a compensatory effect on nitrogen metabolism. GA 3 stimulated grain sink activity both under stress and non stress condition while ABA was promotory only under stress condition.

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“…Setter and Waters (2003) also reported that highly tolerant lines may be low yielding genotype. With respect to reproductive success, a decline of photosynthesis will eventually result in limited resource availability for reproduction in parental and gametophytic tissues due to a reduction in energy reserves leading to plant starvation (Young et al, 2004;Sumesh et al, 2008). Thus, generating high yielding and stress-tolerant crops requires a thorough understanding of the metabolic and developmental processes involved not only in stress responses but also in energy regulation (Hirayama and Shinozaki, 2010).…”

Section: Yield and Yield Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and biochemical changes in waterlog tolerant sesame genotypes

et al. 2017

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An experiment was conducted under pot culture to investigate physiological responses as well as antioxidative enzymes activities that may lead to select sesame genotype (s) which were more waterlogging tolerant at vegetative stage. Four sesame genotypes viz. BD-6980, BD-6985, BD-6992 and BD-7012 were grown under waterlogged (at vegetative stage) and control (no waterlogged) conditions. Plant height, root length, root volume, root dry weight and leaf area per plant in all the four sesame genotypes significantly decreased due to waterlogging at vegetative stage in comparison to controlled condition. Higher SPAD value (Soil and Plant Analyzer Development) and specific leaf mass were recorded in waterlogged plant than controlled plant during waterlogging period but reverse was the case during recovery period. All the genotypes showed positive indices of waterlogging tolerance in terms of better performance of root, stem, leaf and petiole. Among the genotypes, BD 6980 showed higher waterlogging tolerance in all the components followed by BD 6985. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was found higher in waterlogged plant of all the four sesame genotypes in both waterlogging period and recovery period than the controlled plant. Antioxidant enzyme activities like Peroxidase (POD), Catalase (CAT), Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and Superoxide dismutase(SOD) were inconsistent in the present study but most of the antioxidant enzyme activities showed an increasing trend in waterlogged plant than that of control plant in all the genotypes. Comparatively low amount of MDA content and high antioxidant activities of sesame genotype BD 6980 is considered as highly tolerant to waterlogging and other three genotypes are moderately tolerant under water logging condition.

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Starch synthase activity and heat shock protein in relation to thermal tolerance of developing wheat grains

Cited by 76 publications

References 36 publications

ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity in relation to yield potential of wheat: Response to independent and combined high temperature and drought stress

ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity in relation to yield potential of wheat: Response to independent and combined high temperature and drought stress

In vivo studies on artificial induction of thermotolerance to detached panicles of wheat (Triticum aestivum L) cultivars under heat stress

Physiological and biochemical changes in waterlog tolerant sesame genotypes

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