Starch digestibility modulation significantly improves glycemic variability in type 2 diabetic subjects: A pilot study

Breyton, Anne-Esther; Goux, Aurélie; Lambert‐Porcheron, Stéphanie; Meynier, Alexandra; Sothier, Monique; Vandenberghe, Laurie; Brack, Olivier; Disse, Emmanuel; Laville, Martine; Vinoy, Sophie; Nazare, Julie‐Anne

doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2020.08.010

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Thus, foods with a high SDCs content might possess a protective effect against T2DM. Previous studies revealed that SDCs benefit glycemic control in T2DM patients (8)(9)(10)(11), although the mechanisms for this benefit remain unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slowly Digestible Carbohydrate Diet Ameliorates Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipidemia in High-Fat Diet/Streptozocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Chen

Chuang

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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ObjectiveGiven that the prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continues to increase, it is important to find an effective method to prevent or treat this disease. Previous studies have shown that dietary intervention with a slowly digestible carbohydrate (SDC) diet can improve T2DM with almost no side effects. However, the underlying mechanisms of SDC protect against T2DM remains to be elucidated.MethodsThe T2DM mice model was established with a high-fat diet and streptozocin injection. Then, SDC was administered for 6 weeks. Bodyweight, food intake, organ indices, fasting blood glucose (FBG), oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and other biochemical parameters were measured. Histopathological and lipid accumulation analyses were performed, and the glucose metabolism-related gene expressions in the liver and skeletal muscle were determined. Lastly, colonic microbiota was also analyzed.ResultsSDC intervention alleviated the weight loss in the pancreas, lowered blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels, and improved glucose tolerance and HOMA-IR. SDC intervention improved serum lipid profile, adipocytokines levels, and lowered the lipid accumulation in the liver, subcutaneous adipose tissue, and epididymal visceral adipose tissue. In addition, SDC intervention increased the expression levels of IRS-2 and GLUT-2 in liver tissues and elevated GLUT-4 expression levels in skeletal muscle tissues. Notably, SDC intervention decreased the Bacteroidetes/Firmicutes ratio, increased Desulfovibrio and Lachnospiraceae genus levels, and inhibited the relative abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria.ConclusionsSDC intervention can improve hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia status in diabetic mice, suggesting that this intervention might be beneficial for T2DM.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Slowly Digestible Carbohydrate Diet Ameliorates Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipidemia in High-Fat Diet/Streptozocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Chen

Chuang

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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“…However, in a recent study, a high-SDS diet induced a reduction on GV indexes in participants with well-controlled T2D. In that study, the SDS food content was evaluated using the software Nutrilog ® and the comparator was a group of participants consuming a diet with a low SDS content [26]. Thus, similar to studies where RS or SDS replaces digestible starch content, the beneficial effects of RS can be expected owing to the reduction in postprandial glycemia, which in turn is associated with reduced GV parameters [27,28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistant Starch Consumption Effects on Glycemic Control and Glycemic Variability in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Crossover Study

et al. 2021

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We previously observed beneficial effects of native banana starch (NBS) with a high resistant starch (RS) content on glycemic response in lean and obese participants. Here, we aimed to determine the effects of NBS and high-amylose maize starch (HMS) on glycemic control (GC) and glycemic variability (GV) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) when treatments were matched for digestible starch content. In a randomized, crossover study, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was performed in 17 participants (aged 28–65 years, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, both genders) consuming HMS, NBS, or digestible maize starch (DMS) for 4 days. HMS and NBS induced an increase in 24 h mean blood glucose during days 2 to 4 (p < 0.05). CONGA, GRADE, and J-index values were higher in HMS compared with DMS only at day 4 (p < 0.05). Yet, NBS intake provoked a reduction in fasting glycemia changes from baseline compared with DMS (p = 0.0074). In conclusion, under the experimental conditions, RS from two sources did not improve GC or GV. Future longer studies are needed to determine whether these findings were affected by a different baseline microbiota or other environmental factors.

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“…In this context, the possible functional properties of SDS and RS have been specially studied in the last years because of their capacity to provide a maintained source of energy avoiding hyperglycemic responses, especially beneficial for diabetic patients. It is important to note that the attenuated glycemic response during starch consumption is dependent on the digestibility behavior that depends on the starch composition and physicochemical properties [50]. The influence on the variability in the glycemic response is considered as an important factor to control the glycemic response in diabetic and obese patients, frequently measured as the concentration of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) [51,52].…”

Section: Functional Properties Of the Starch Fraction 41 Functional P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Breyton et al [50] compared the effect of the consumption of a diet high or low in SDS in a group of diabetic patients. They observed a reduction in the variability of the glycaemia as well as the lower postprandial area under the curve (AUC) of the glycaemia when the high SDS consumption was considered.…”

Section: Functional Properties Of the Starch Fraction 41 Functional P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this context, the physiological effect of the RS consumption shows a great dependence on the biological origin, the total amount intake and the type of RS consumed [11,12,[24][25][26]. In general, it can be considered that the RS consumption reduces the postprandial glycemic response and improve the glucose metabolism and homeostasis [11,12,14,26] as a consequence of not being digested in the upper human tract [12,45,47,50] and by contributing to a lower but maintained postprandial glucose in the diet [11][12][13]. These properties are especially beneficial for type II diabetic patients allowing better control of the glycaemia [11][12][13]26], as well as for healthy individuals [12,13,26].…”

Section: Functional Properties Of the Starch Fraction 41 Functional P...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health Benefits of Starch

Suárez-Diéguez¹,

Nieto²

2022

Starch - Evolution and Recent Advances

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In recent years, scientific research has focused on evaluating the relationship between consumption and the effect of food components on the body, with the aim of improving the health condition of the population. In particular, starch is the main component in grains and provides most of the energy in the diet. It is classified according to its nutritional characteristics as rapidly digestible starch (RDS), slowly digestible starch (SDS), and non-digestible starch (RS). Several studies have reported that different starch fractions show a correlation between digestibility and assimilation with physiological effect and metabolic impact. Each type of starch fraction consumed shows a different postprandial response, such that SDS and RS generate a slower absorption rate and lower serum glucose concentration, leading to a gradual uptake of glucose into the tissue, as well as a probiotic effect. Current reports suggest that consumption of SDS- and RS-rich products can generate a postprandial response of prolonged glucose uptake without hyperglycemic peaks, and improve the efficiency of modulation of carbohydrate metabolism. In this regard, there is a growing interest in carbohydrates with functional effects generating an emerging area of study. The aim of this chapter is to describe the potential functional effect and metabolic impact of consumption of the SDS and SR fractions of starch.

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Starch digestibility modulation significantly improves glycemic variability in type 2 diabetic subjects: A pilot study

Cited by 11 publications

References 46 publications

Slowly Digestible Carbohydrate Diet Ameliorates Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipidemia in High-Fat Diet/Streptozocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Slowly Digestible Carbohydrate Diet Ameliorates Hyperglycemia and Hyperlipidemia in High-Fat Diet/Streptozocin-Induced Diabetic Mice

Resistant Starch Consumption Effects on Glycemic Control and Glycemic Variability in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Crossover Study

Health Benefits of Starch

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