Staphylococcosis

Frana, Timothy S.; Hau, Samantha J.

doi:10.1002/9781119350927.ch60

Cited by 13 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Among Gram‐positive zoonotic bacteria present on swine farms, LA‐MRSA are of relatively high importance considering their role in nosocomial infections worldwide (Cuny et al., 2013). Despite Staphylococcus species, as S. aureus or S. hyicus , can be associated with exudative epidermitis or abscesses in pigs, these bacteria can be present in many herds without causing disease (Frana & Hau, 2019), as evidenced in this study. MRSA and other Staphylococcus species usually carry antimicrobial resistance genes (Adegoke & Okoh, 2014), but their potential usefulness as sentinel microorganisms in AMR monitoring in pig herds is still not well known.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Effect of antimicrobial use and production system on Campylobacter spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Salmonella spp. resistance in Spanish swine: A cross‐sectional study

Argüello

Puente

Gómez‐García

et al. 2020

Zoonoses and Public Health

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Antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide public health threat; hence, current trends tend to reduce antimicrobial use in food‐producing animals and to monitor resistance in primary production. This study aimed at evaluating the impact of antimicrobial use and production system on swine farms in the antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter, Salmonella and Staphylococcus, the main zoonotic pathogens in pig herds, in order to assess their potential value as sentinel microorganisms in antimicrobial resistance surveillance schemes. A total of 37 Spanish swine farms, 18 intensive and 19 organic/extensive farms, were included in the study. The antimicrobial resistance of 104 Campylobacter, 84 Staphylococcus and 17 Salmonella isolates was evaluated using Sensititre plates following the EUCAST guidelines. Mixed‐effects logistic regression was used to evaluate the influence of production system and antimicrobial use in resistant and multidrug‐resistant (MDR) phenotypes to the antimicrobials tested. The results showed that antimicrobial use was higher (p < .001) on intensive farms than on organic/extensive farms. MDR in Campylobacter and Staphylococcus was lower on organic/extensive farms (OR < .01p < .001). Antimicrobial resistance in Campylobacter and Staphylococcus isolates was, also for most of the antimicrobials studied, significantly higher in intensive than organic/extensive pig herds. Tetracycline resistance was associated with total antimicrobial consumption in both microbial species (p < .05), and some cross‐associations between distinct antimicrobial substances were established, for instance resistance to erythromycin was associated with macrolide and phenicol consumption. No significant associations could be established for Salmonella isolates. The results demonstrate the link between antimicrobial consumption and resistance in zoonotic bacteria and evidence the potential value of using Campylobacter and Staphylococcus species in monitoring activities aimed at determining the impact of antimicrobials use/reduction on the occurrence and spread of antimicrobial resistance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Effect of antimicrobial use and production system on Campylobacter spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Salmonella spp. resistance in Spanish swine: A cross‐sectional study

Argüello

Puente

Gómez‐García

et al. 2020

Zoonoses and Public Health

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“…are nearly ubiquitous in commercial swine production, clinical disease is relatively infrequent. Two primary etiologies cause disease in swine, including exudative epidermitis (greasy pig disease) caused by S. hyicus and multiple disease processes caused by S. aureus ( Frana and Hau, 2019 ). Greasy pig disease due to S. hyicus has been reported to cause 14% morbidity in nursery pigs, with 5% mortality ( Arsenakis et al, 2018 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Greasy pig disease due to S. hyicus has been reported to cause 14% morbidity in nursery pigs, with 5% mortality ( Arsenakis et al, 2018 ). Additionally, S. aureus occasionally is associated with skin infections, septicemia, osteomyelitis, and endocarditis ( Frana and Hau, 2019 ) but is not an infectious agent of major clinical relevance in swine. The primary concern regarding S. aureus is swine acting as a reservoir for the zoonotic methicillin-resistant S. aureus ( Frana and Hau, 2019 ), and prevalence estimates have been described by Sun et al (2015) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postweaning mortality in commercial swine production II: review of infectious contributing factors

Gebhardt

Tokach

Dritz

et al. 2020

Translational Animal Science

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Postweaning mortality is extremely complex with a multitude of noninfectious and infectious contributing factors. In the current review, our objective is to describe the current state of knowledge regarding infectious causes of postweaning mortality, focusing on estimates of frequency and magnitude of effect where available. While infectious mortality is often categorized by physiologic body system affected, we believe the complex multifactorial nature is better understood by an alternative stratification dependent on intervention type. This category method subjectively combines disease pathogenesis knowledge, epidemiology, and economic consequences. These intervention categories included depopulation of affected cohorts of animals, elimination protocols using knowledge of immunity and epidemiology, or less aggressive interventions. The most aggressive approach to control infectious etiologies is through herd depopulation and repopulation. Historically, these protocols were successful for Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and swine dysentery among others. Additionally, this aggressive measure likely would be used to minimize disease spread if either a foreign animal disease was introduced or pseudorabies virus was reintroduced into domestic swine populations. Elimination practices have been successful for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, coronaviruses, including transmissible gastroenteritis virus, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, and porcine deltacoronavirus, swine influenza virus, nondysentery Brachyspira spp., and others. Porcine circovirus type 2 can have a significant impact on morbidity and mortality; however, it is often adequately controlled through immunization. Many other infectious etiologies present in swine production have not elicited these aggressive control measures. This may be because less aggressive control measures, such as vaccination, management, and therapeutics, are effective, their impact on mortality or productivity is not great enough to warrant, or there is inadequate understanding to employ control procedures efficaciously and efficiently. Since there are many infectious agents and noninfectious contributors, emphasis should continue to be placed on those infectious agents with the greatest impact to minimize postweaning mortality.

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“…Staphylococcus spp. are gram-positive cocci that are regarded as normal bacterial flora of adult pig skin (Frana, 2012). There are two primary Staphylococcus of importance in pigs: S. hyicus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA).…”

Section: Staphylococcus Sppmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High humidity in pens, as well as a high number of young gilts farrowing, contributes to higher incidence or acute outbreaks of the disease. Injectable antimicrobials are commonly used to treat affected pigs along with topical treatments (spraying/soaking) which may involve the use of disinfectants (Frana, 2012). Pig farmers often use autogenous vaccines against S. hyicus with variable effectiveness.…”

Section: Staphylococcus Hyicusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diseases affecting pigs: an overview of common bacterial, viral and parasitic pathogens of pigs

Ramirez¹

2018

Burleigh Dodds Series in Agricultural Science

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Recent events such as the 2009 pandemic influenza outbreak, the continuous spread of African swine fever virus in Eastern Europe and the introduction of several new pathogens into the United States and their spread to Canada, Mexico, Central and South America have emphasized the ability of pig diseases to cross borders rapidly and the importance of global cooperation to improve the health and welfare of pigs. This chapter summarizes recent research on the causes and epidemiology of major bacteria, viruses and parasites found in pig production, focusing on those with a particular impact on safety and global production.

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Staphylococcosis

Cited by 13 publications

References 70 publications

Effect of antimicrobial use and production system on Campylobacter spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Salmonella spp. resistance in Spanish swine: A cross‐sectional study

Effect of antimicrobial use and production system on Campylobacter spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Salmonella spp. resistance in Spanish swine: A cross‐sectional study

Postweaning mortality in commercial swine production II: review of infectious contributing factors

Diseases affecting pigs: an overview of common bacterial, viral and parasitic pathogens of pigs

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