Stanniocalcin in the seawater salmon:  structure, function, and regulation

Wagner, Graham F.; Jaworski, Ewa; Haddad, Michel Ferreira Cardia

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.1998.274.4.r1177

Cited by 40 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The hypocalcaemic factors include stanniocalcin which was originally isolated, characterised and its biological activity determined in fish (for review see Wendelaar Bonga & Pang 1991, Wagner et al 1998 and calcitonin which has hypocalcaemic effects in goldfish (Sasayama et al 1993) and salmonids (Wagner et al 1997). The principal hypercalcaemic factor identified in tetrapods, parathyroid hormone (PTH), has not been identified in fish.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium balance in sea bream (Sparus aurata): the effect of oestradiol-17beta

Guerreiro

Fuentes

Canário³

et al. 2002

Journal of Endocrinology

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In all teleost fishes vitellogenesis is triggered and maintained by oestradiol-17 (E 2 ) and is accompanied by an increase of blood plasma calcium and phosphate. The action of this hormone on calcium metabolism was investigated by treating fast-growing immature juvenile sea bream (Sparus aurata) with coconut butter implants alone (control) or implants containing 10 µg/g E 2 . Treatment with E 2 induced the production of circulating vitellogenin, a 2·5-fold increase in plasma ionic Ca 2+ and a 10-fold increase in plasma total calcium, largely bound to protein.In contrast to freshwater species, which obtain most of their calcium from the environment directly through the gills, the intestinal component of calcium uptake of the salt water-living sea bream represented up to 60-70% of the total uptake. The whole body calcium uptake, expressed as the sum of calcium obtained via intestinal and extra-intestinal (likely branchial) routes increased significantly in response to E 2 . Combined influx and unchanged efflux rates resulted in a significant 31% increase in net calcium uptake. There was no evidence for an effect of E 2 on the calcium and phosphate content of the scales or the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity (an index for bone/scale osteoclast activity). While most freshwater fish appear to rely on internal stores of calcium, i.e. bone and/or scales to increase calcium availability, the marine sea bream accommodates calcium-transporting mechanisms to obtain calcium from the environment and preserve internal stores. These observations suggest that a fundamental difference may exist in the E 2 -dependent calcium regulation between freshwater and marine teleosts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcium balance in sea bream (Sparus aurata): the effect of oestradiol-17beta

Guerreiro

Fuentes

Canário³

et al. 2002

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…Recently, two cDNAs encoding proteins, STC-1 and STC-2, homologous to fish STC have been identified in humans and rodents (Chang and Reddel, 1998). Wagner et al (1998) demonstrated the presence of two forms of STC in the Atlantic salmon and Verbost et al (1993) gave strong evidence for two bioactive principles in the CS of both tilapia and rainbow trout. However, at present, it is difficult to say whether these STC isoforms represent differential posttranscriptional processing of the STC message or the expression of more than one STC gene-related product.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stanniocalcin from an ancient teleost: a monomeric form of the hormone and a possible extracorpuscular distribution

Amemiya

Marra

Reyhani

et al. 2002

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

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Stanniocalcin (STC) is a homodimeric glycoprotein hormone implicated in calcium and phosphate regulation in both teleost fish and mammals. In the present study, immunostaining with salmon STC antiserum demonstrated that STC cells were localized in both the corpuscles of Stannius (CS) and in specific cells of the distal renal tubules of the silver arawana, Osteoglossum bicirrhosum, an ancient ray-finned fish (actinoptergian) and basal teleost (Order Osteoglossiforme). The morphology of these STC-immunoreactive kidney cells was similar to renal 'chloride' (mitochondrial-rich) cells. The immunoreactive renal cells were present in two of three other osteoglossiformes and absent in the gar, a nonteleost actinopterygian and the eel, another basal teleost. The arawana STC cDNA encodes a prehormone of 249 amino acids (aa) with a signal peptide of 31 aa and a mature protein of 218 aa. The deduced aa sequence of arawana STC shows 54 -66% identity with other teleost STCs and 51 -52% identity with mammalian STC-1. The deduced aa sequence of arawana STC contains ten cysteines, compared with 11 in teleost STC and in mammalian STC-1. The cysteine substitution occurs at the site of inter-monomeric disulfide linkage. Western blot analysis revealed a single 21 kDa band under non-reducing conditions, and a single band of 25 kDa under reducing conditions. These data indicate that arawana STC exists as a monomeric peptide. Northern blot analysis detected a 3.3 kb STC mRNA confined to the CS, with no hybridization signal in either the remaining kidney or in gut, muscle, brain and heart. The significance of the STC signal in cells of the renal tubules of arawana and two other Osteoglossiforme species requires further investigation. This is the first report of a monomeric form of STC in any vertebrate and the first evidence of STC in renal tubules of adult fish.

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“…The advantage of an additional exon is that it would allow for greater latitude in the creation of alternatively spliced transcripts. Indeed, there are multiple lower molecular forms of STC in fish (Wagner 1993). However, while RT-PCR amplified additional products that were smaller than that predicted by the fish cDNA sequence (Wagner et al 1992), they likely arose from primer annealing, or reading errors in the reverse transcriptase (Superscript II) and Taq polymerase (normal recombinant Taq, Fermentas) employed, as none of them proved to be genuine transcripts upon DNA sequence analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel expression of the stanniocalcin gene in fish

McCudden¹,

Kogon²,

DiMattia³

et al. 2001

Journal of Endocrinology

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It is currently accepted that the fish stanniocalcin (STC) gene is expressed exclusively in the corpuscles of Stannius (CS), unique endocrine glands on the kidneys of bony fishes. In this study, we have re-examined the pattern of fish STC gene expression in the light of the recent evidence for widespread expression of the gene in mammals. Surprisingly, we found by Northern blotting that the fish gene was also expressed in the kidneys and gonads, in addition to the CS glands. Moreover, Southern blotting of RT-PCR products revealed STC mRNA transcripts in all tissues assayed, including brain, heart, gill, muscle and intestine. In situ hybridization studies using digoxigenin-labeled riboprobes localized STC mRNA to chondrocytes, and both mature and developing nephritic tubules. Immunocytochemical staining indicated that the STC protein was widespread in cells of the gill, kidney, brain, eye, pseudobranch and skin. We also characterized the salmon STC gene, establishing that it was comprised of five exons as opposed to four in mammals. A single transcription start site was identified by primer extension 99 bp upstream of the start codon. This is the first evidence of STC gene expression in fish tissues other than the CS glands and suggests that, as in mammals, fish STC operates via both local and endocrine pathways.

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Stanniocalcin in the seawater salmon: structure, function, and regulation

Cited by 40 publications

References 36 publications

Calcium balance in sea bream (Sparus aurata): the effect of oestradiol-17beta

Calcium balance in sea bream (Sparus aurata): the effect of oestradiol-17beta

Stanniocalcin from an ancient teleost: a monomeric form of the hormone and a possible extracorpuscular distribution

Novel expression of the stanniocalcin gene in fish

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