Standoff Detection and Identification of Explosives and Hazardous Chemicals in Simulated Real Field Scenario using Time Gated Raman Spectroscopy

Gulati, Kamal Kumar; Gulia, Sanjay; Gambhir, Tanvi; Kumar, Nitesh; Gambhir, Vijayeta; Reedy, Martha Narsi

doi:10.14429/dsj.69.13234

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…ICCDs are used in night vision devices and can be employed in various scientific applications, including time-resolved Raman spectroscopy [ 11 , 184 ]; depth analysis and profiling of multi-layer materials [ 178 ]; time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy [ 185 ], quantum imaging [ 54 ]; fluorescence lifetime imaging [ 186 ]; and fluorescence detection and imaging [ 187 ].…”

Section: Intensified Ccd (Iccd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In [ 184 ], ICCDs were employed for standoff detection and identification of explosives and hazardous chemicals using TRRS. This system can be useful when it is not possible to employ the conventional ones based on Raman spectroscopy in a backscattering configuration, while employing a compact CCD-coupled spectrograph and a CW laser.…”

Section: Intensified Ccd (Iccd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fast Gating for Raman Spectroscopy

Chiuri

Angelini

2021

Sensors

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Fast gating in Raman spectroscopy is used to reject the fluorescence contribution from the sample and/or the substrate. Several techniques have been set up in the last few decades aiming either to enhance the Raman signal (CARS, SERS or Resonant Raman scattering) or to cancel out the fluorescence contribution (SERDS), and a number of reviews have already been published on these sub-topics. However, for many reasons it is sometimes necessary to reject fluorescence in traditional Raman spectroscopy, and in the last few decades a variety of papers dealt with this issue, which is still challenging due to the time scales at stake (down to picoseconds). Fast gating (<1 ns) in the time domain allows one to cut off part of the fluorescence signal and retrieve the best Raman signal, depending on the fluorescence lifetime of the sample and laser pulse duration. In particular, three different techniques have been developed to accomplish this task: optical Kerr cells, intensified Charge Coupling Devices and systems based on Single Photon Avalanche Photodiodes. The utility of time domain fast gating will be discussed, and In this work, the utility of time domain fast gating is discussed, as well as the performances of the mentioned techniques as reported in literature.

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Section: Intensified Ccd (Iccd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intensified Ccd (Iccd)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast Gating for Raman Spectroscopy

Chiuri

Angelini

2021

Sensors

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“…In recent years, a number of studies have been published that highlight the potential of Raman-based techniques for this role. Much of this work has centered on time-gated Raman for stand-off detection, − which is discussed in a later section, and spatially-offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS); − however, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has also been investigated, − alongside other techniques. − …”

Section: Applications Of Raman Scattering-based Techniques To Defense...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman Scattering Techniques for Defense and Security Applications

et al. 2020

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“…The advanced detection of explosives has attracted the interest of scientists in communities. Many techniques for explosive detection are well established and include Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry [1]; Terahertz spectroscopy [2]; Raman spectroscopy [3][4][5]; photo-fragmentation, followed by laser-induced fluorescence [6]; and photoacoustic spectroscopy [7]. Although explosives can be detected by these advanced spectral methods, they require sample pretreatment and long detection time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for the Discrimination of Explosives Based on the ReliefF Algorithm and Support Vector Machines

et al. 2021

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Real-time explosive detectors must be developed to facilitate the rapid implementation of appropriate protective measures against terrorism. We report a simple yet efficient methodology to classify three explosives and three non-explosives by using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy. However, the similarity existing among the spectral emissions collected from the explosives resulted in the difficulty of separating samples. We calculated the weights of lines by using the ReliefF algorithm and then selected six line regions that could be identified from the arrangement of weights to calculate the area of each line region. A multivariate statistical method involving support vector machines was followed for the construction of the classification model. Several models were constructed using full spectra, 13 lines, and 100 lines selected by the arrangement of weights and areas of the selected line regions. The highest correct classification rate of the model reached 100% by using the six line regions.

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Standoff Detection and Identification of Explosives and Hazardous Chemicals in Simulated Real Field Scenario using Time Gated Raman Spectroscopy

Cited by 16 publications

References 22 publications

Fast Gating for Raman Spectroscopy

Fast Gating for Raman Spectroscopy

Raman Scattering Techniques for Defense and Security Applications

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy for the Discrimination of Explosives Based on the ReliefF Algorithm and Support Vector Machines

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