Standing Wave Pattern and Distribution of Currents in Resonator Arrays for Wireless Power Transfer

Simonazzi, Mattia; Reggiani, Ugo; Sandrolini, Leonardo

doi:10.3390/en15020652

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Finally, it must be noticed that, in resonator arrays, a termination impedance

can be added to the last coil, providing a degree of freedom which can modify the behaviour of the system, as discussed in [ 29 , 30 ]. However, in this case, the coils are primarily devoted to power transfer and thus no additional impedances can be added when operating at

.…”

Section: Resonator Array Equivalent Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The trend is opposite in case of open circuit termination. Moreover, the input impedance is equal to the termination impedance when the array is perfectly matched [ 30 ]. Overall, with a real termination impedance still in perfect resonance conditions, the equivalent impedance is real.…”

Section: Resonator Array Input Impedancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typical termination conditions for resonator arrays discussed in literature are the perfect matching, open- and short- circuits [ 30 , 33 ], which correspond to

and

, respectively.…”

Section: Resonator Array Input Impedancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Receiver–Coil Location Detection in a Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer System for Electric Vehicle Charging

Simonazzi

Sandrolini

Mariscotti

2022

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Receiver position sensing is investigated in a dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) system for electric vehicle (EV) charging. Exploiting the peculiar behaviour of the resonator arrays input impedance, it is possible to identify the position of the receiver coil by exciting the first array resonator with a signal at a proper frequency and measuring the resulting current. An analytical expression of the input impedance of the resonator array coupled with the EV receiver coil placed in a generic position is provided; its sensitivity to different circuit parameters is also analysed. The outline of a simple and effective algorithm for the localization of the EV is proposed and applied to a test case.

show abstract

“…Finally, it must be noticed that, in resonator arrays, a termination impedance

.…”

Section: Resonator Array Equivalent Circuitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resonator Array Input Impedancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Receiver–Coil Location Detection in a Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer System for Electric Vehicle Charging

Simonazzi

Sandrolini

Mariscotti

2022

Sensors

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It must be noticed that, in case of dynamic charging, the receiver moves over the array and the mutual inductance M r,i is subject to vary according to the receiver position. 25 However, for a sufficiently high operating frequency, the motional electromotive force (emf) due to the receiver movement can be considered negligible with respect to the transformer emf, as discussed in Simonazzi et al 26 Consequently, dynamic charging can then be studied with the same methodology applied to static charging. During the movement the receiver can be coupled to two array resonators at a time; however, being the prominent positions those corresponding to a perfect alignment of the receiver with the array resonators, 25 the following analysis considers aligned positions of the receiver only.…”

Section: Resonator Array For Iptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results obtained with the proposed approach are discussed with reference to the theory of resonator arrays. 12,25,26 The manuscript is organized as follows: In Section 2, the array of resonators is described and its impedance matrix is defined; in Section 3, the methodology for the extraction of the equivalent circuit parameters is proposed. In Section 4, the results of numerical simulations are reported and discussed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐port network compact representation of resonator arrays for wireless power transfer with variable receiver position

Sandrolini

Simonazzi

Barmada

et al. 2022

Circuit Theory & Apps

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents an equivalent circuit characterization of an array of resonators for wireless power transfer (WPT) applications. These apparatuses are composed of magnetically coupled resonant coils acting as a transmitter which feeds a receiver coil that can be placed over them at any position, allowing the tolerance of the system to the receiver misalignment to be dramatically enhanced. This advantage makes resonator arrays a suitable solution for both low-and high-power applications. The latter usually involve battery charging, with the resonator array acting as a transformer stage, ensuring galvanic isolation. An equivalent two-port network can be defined for any receiver position, allowing the array to be treated as a traditional transformer. Thereby, the simulation of the system can be simplified, as it is required in the design steps of a converter and control strategy. Analytical expressions of the two-port network parameters are proposed for arrays of any size and length. The formulas have been numerically and experimentally validated.battery charging, circuit modeling, inductive power transfer, resonator array, transformer, wireless power transfer | INTRODUCTIONIn the last decade, wireless power transfer (WPT) systems have become a convenient and reliable solution in many applications, ranging from powering portable electronic devices to automatic machines and electric vehicle (EV) charging. [1][2][3] These apparatuses offer many advantages, as the ability of operating in difficult environments or the possibility to transfer power to moving loads. The size and weight of high-power batteries can be reduced by more frequent charging, which can be dramatically eased by wireless chargers. Several different technologies have been proposed in literature for both stationary and dynamic charging. [4][5][6] For high-power transfer, among near-field WPT technologies, inductive power transfer (IPT) is largely employed. One of its major limits is the misalignment between the transmitter and receiver apparatuses, which dramatically affects the efficiency and the transferred power. In order to improve the tolerance to the misalignment, arrays of magnetically coupled resonating L-C circuits (also referred as relay coils) can be used, which represent a very cheap solution since only few passive electronic components are required. [7][8][9][10][11] In these systems, the power travels from the source to the load through the relay coils at the expense of an increased sensitivity to the mismatch between the input and output side impedances, 12,13 which reflects also on the magnetic near-field distribution. 14 Solutions to this problem have been proposed in Sandoval et al, 15,16 making arrays of

show abstract

Analysis of current distribution and termination conditions in 2D metasurfaces

Barmada,

Fontana,

Sandrolini

et al. 2024

COMPEL

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to gain a better understanding on how metasurfaces behave, in terms of currents in each unit cell. A better knowledge of their behavior could lead to an ad-hoc design for specific applications. Design/methodology/approach The methodology used is both theoretical and numerical; it is based on circuit theory and on an optimization procedure. Findings The results show that when the knowledge of the current in each unit cell of a metasurface is needed, the most common approximations currently used are often not accurate. Furthermore, a procedure for the termination of a metasurface, with application-driven goals, is given. Originality/value This paper investigates the distribution of the currents in a 2D metamaterial realized with magnetically coupled resonant coils. Different models for the analysis of these structures are illustrated, and the effects of the approximations they introduce on the current values are shown and discussed. Furthermore, proper terminations of the resonators on the boundaries have been investigated by implementing a numerical optimization procedure with the purpose of achieving a uniform distribution of the resonator currents. The results show that the behavior of a metasurface (in terms of currents in each single resonator) depends on different properties; as a consequence, their design is not a trivial task and is dependent on the specific applications they are designed for. A design strategy, with lumped impedance termination, is here proposed.

show abstract

Standing Wave Pattern and Distribution of Currents in Resonator Arrays for Wireless Power Transfer

Cited by 10 publications

References 26 publications

Receiver–Coil Location Detection in a Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer System for Electric Vehicle Charging

Receiver–Coil Location Detection in a Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer System for Electric Vehicle Charging

Two‐port network compact representation of resonator arrays for wireless power transfer with variable receiver position

Analysis of current distribution and termination conditions in 2D metasurfaces

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About