Standing Equine Dental Surgery

Menzies, Robert A.; Easley, Jack

doi:10.1016/j.cveq.2013.11.002

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In other studies involving oral extraction of cheek teeth, the authors emphasised the importance of several features: appropriate equipment; good patient restraint (sedation, analgesia and muscle relaxation); good visualisation of the affected cheek tooth; and patience, using gentle and steadily increasing force to completely remove the affected cheek tooth and minimise the risk of complications . Although specific techniques of oral extraction were not investigated in this study, our findings support the published reports that oral extraction is the preferred method of cheek tooth extraction in horses.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Equine cheek tooth extraction: Comparison of outcomes for five extraction methods

Caramello

Zarucco

Foster

et al. 2019

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Summary Background Post‐operative complications are reported for all methods of equine cheek tooth extraction but not all methods carry the same risks. An outcome comparison for commonly used methods is needed so that clinicians can make informed treatment decisions. Objectives We conducted a side‐by‐side comparison of five cheek tooth extraction methods, comparing types and incidence of complications among oral extraction, tooth repulsion (three surgical approaches) and lateral buccotomy techniques. Study design Retrospective clinical study using hospital medical records. Methods Medical records of all horses undergoing cheek tooth extraction between 1997 and 2013 were reviewed. Logistic regression was used to determine the likelihood of various post‐operative complications, comparing oral extraction, tooth repulsion by maxillary and mandibular trephination or maxillary sinus bone flap, and lateral buccotomy. Results The study included 137 horses and 162 cheek teeth extractions. Oral extraction was successful in 71% of patients in which it was attempted. Oral extraction (n = 55) had the lowest incidence of complications (20%) and repulsion by sinus bone flap (n = 20) the highest (80%). Complication rates for repulsion by maxillary (n = 19) and mandibular trephination (n = 28), and extraction by lateral buccotomy (n = 15) were 42, 54 and 53%, respectively. Cheek tooth repulsion by sinus bone flap significantly increased the odds of damage to adjacent teeth, post‐operative sinusitis, damage to alveolar bone, delayed alveolar granulation and orosinus fistulation. Repulsion by maxillary trephination significantly increased the odds of superficial incisional surgical site infection; and extraction by lateral buccotomy significantly increased the odds of facial nerve neuropraxia. Post‐operative pyrexia was more common in all repulsion methods. Main limitations Some clinically relevant differences may have been missed due to small group numbers in several categories. Conclusions Oral extraction was associated with fewer post‐operative complications than any other methods. Standing oral extraction remains the preferred choice, and recent surgical advances promise to further improve its success rate.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Equine cheek tooth extraction: Comparison of outcomes for five extraction methods

Caramello

Zarucco

Foster

et al. 2019

Equine Veterinary Journal

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“…Locoregional techniques are gaining in their frequency of use as standing surgery in the equine patient becomes more and more common [ 10 , 18 , 19 ]. In most ophthalmic standing surgeries, the retrobulbar nerve block is a necessary local block, but it is not without risks [ 20 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing Blind and Ultrasound-Guided Retrobulbar Nerve Blocks in Equine Cadavers: The Training Effect

Hermans

Lloyd-Edwards

Sommeren

et al. 2022

Animals

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In standing ophthalmic surgery in horses, a retrobulbar nerve block (RNB) is often placed blindly for anesthesia and akinesia. The ultrasound (US)-guided RNB may have fewer complications, but the two techniques have only been compared once in equine cadavers. This study compares the techniques for success and complication rates and analyzes the effect of training on US guidance. Twenty-two equine cadavers were divided into three groups: blind RNBs were performed bilaterally in eight cadavers, US-guided RNBs were performed bilaterally in seven cadavers, and after US-guided training, blind RNBs were performed bilaterally in seven cadavers. All RNBs were performed by the same two inexperienced operators, and a combination of contrast medium (CM; 1.25 mL) and methylene blue dye (1.25 mL) were injected (2.5 mL total volume). Needle positioning in the periorbita and the distance of the CM to the optic foramen were assessed using computerized tomography (CT). Dye spreading was evaluated by dissection. In group 1, 37.5% of the injections were in the optimal central position in the periorbita; in group 2, 75% and in group 3, 71.4%. There was no significant difference between the groups regarding needle position (groups 1 and 2 p = 0.056; groups 1 and 3 p = 0.069, groups 2 and 3 p = 0.8). The mean CM distribution distance was not significantly different between all groups. Group 1 had 18.75% intraocular injections versus 0% in group 2 and 7.1% in group 3 (not significant). US guidance showed no significant increases in accuracy nor decreases in complications. However, the effects on accuracy showed a trend towards significant improvement, and larger scale follow-up studies might show significant training effects on US guidance.

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“…Post-operative radiographs were obtained to demonstrate successful extraction of the tooth. The alveolus was packed with dental wax (Henry Schein) e or polyvinylsiloxone (PVS, DenMat Holdings) f following extraction [2,4,5,7,16,17]. All horses were treated with post-operative anti-inflammatories and antimicrobials at the discretion of the surgeon.…”

Section: Surgical Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Management of complications may require general anaesthesia, adding further expense to the cost of treatment and level of risk to the case. Recent reports of minimally invasive transbuccal and intradental screw placement (MITSE) offer an additional oral extraction technique that can be used in cases where failure occurs during conventional extraction attempts. Development of additional noninvasive intraoral extraction techniques will allow the clinician to have more surgical options available for extraction of diseased or fractured cheek teeth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Standing intraoral extractions of cheek teeth aided by partial crown removal in 165 horses (2010–2016)

Rice¹,

Henry

2017

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Standing Equine Dental Surgery

Cited by 14 publications

References 46 publications

Equine cheek tooth extraction: Comparison of outcomes for five extraction methods

Equine cheek tooth extraction: Comparison of outcomes for five extraction methods

Comparing Blind and Ultrasound-Guided Retrobulbar Nerve Blocks in Equine Cadavers: The Training Effect

Standing intraoral extractions of cheek teeth aided by partial crown removal in 165 horses (2010–2016)

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