Standardization of anal sphincter electromyography: normative data

Podnar, Simon; Vodušek, David B.; Stålberg, Erik

doi:10.1016/s1388-2457(00)00416-8

Cited by 64 publications

(68 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…As previous investigators have shown [8,9,11], IP analysis is a feasible technique to study the neuromuscular integrity of the tonically contracting striated muscles of the pelvic floor. Using a similar technique as previous investigators, we demonstrate that the raw IP parameters we obtained for the external anal sphincter appear similar to the previous studies that separately reported them for nulliparous controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the shape of the turns–amplitude cloud during anal sphincter quantitative EMG

et al. 2008

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We aimed to compare our normative data for quantitative interference pattern (IP) analysis of the anal sphincter to previously published data. In 28 nulliparous women, we performed IP analysis during quantitative concentric needle electromyography (QEMG) of the anal sphincter. At each sampling site, a 500-ms epoch was analyzed. The data were log transformed. Linear regression lines (with 95% confidence intervals) were calculated from the log transformed variables "turnssecond" and "amplitude-turn." These confidence intervals were then transformed back into the original parameters to yield scatterplots with confidence curves. The mean turns-second were 203 (SD 174). The mean amplitude (mcv)-turn was 266 (SD 87). The regression coefficients for the log-transformed variables are constant=1.5, slope=0.3, and resultant cloud of raw data has a convex upper boundary. These appear slightly different than previously published reports, potentially influencing the determination of normal and abnormal studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the shape of the turns–amplitude cloud during anal sphincter quantitative EMG

et al. 2008

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“…The analysis of the EMG data using this type of electrode shown on an oscillometer with a speed of 10 ms/div (much faster as compared with a speed of 10-20 s/div in urodynamic study) is known as MUP (Podnar et al, 2000;Podnar, 2007). Those from two wire electrodes inserted in the same position as the anal surface electrode comes from half of the sphincter muscle fibres as whole.…”

Section: Emg Mup and Other Neurophysiologic Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The former is just like a piece of roasted mutton, and the latter is a long string of roasted mutton. Three quantitative MUP analysis techniques (manual-MUP, single-MUP and multi-MUP), with similar sensitivities for detecting reinnervation changes, are available (Podnar et al, 2000;Podnar, 2007). Normally, potentials generated during sphincter activity may be recorded with a specialized concentric needle electrode inserted directly into the muscle to be tested, and the MUP recorded from the distal urethral sphincter muscle has a biphasic or triphasic waveform with an amplitude of 50 to 300 mV and a firing frequency of 10 to 100 discharges per second.…”

Section: Emg Mup and Other Neurophysiologic Examinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anal Sphincter Electromyogram for Dysfunction of Lower Urinary Tract and Pelvic Floor

Qu¹,

Xu²,

Wang³

et al. 2011

Advances in Applied Electromyography

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“…(Technical details of the acquisition protocols used by a particular EMG system should be compared in detail with the system by which reference values were compiled [Podnar et al, 2000b]. Standard ®lter settings (5 Hz±10 kHz), and a concentric EMG needle with a standard recording surface (0.07 mm 2 ), are recommended (and obligatory if published reference data are used) [Podnar et al, 2000b].…”

Section: Standardized Cnemg Examination Of the Eas Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In such cases the MUP with the smoothest baseline is retained. MUPs with an unsteady baseline (unclear start/end of the signal) are discarded [Podnar et al, 2000b].…”

Section: Standardized Cnemg Examination Of the Eas Musclementioning

confidence: 99%

Protocol for clinical neurophysiologic examination of the pelvic floor

Podnar

Vodušek

2001

Neurourology and Urodynamics

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Clinical neurophysiologic examination of the pelvic floor is performed worldwide, but there is no consensus on the choice of tests, nor on technical details of individual methods. Standardized methods are, however, necessary to obtain their valid application in different laboratories for the purpose of collection of normative data, comparison of patient data and organization of multi-center studies. It is proposed that in patients with suspected "lower motor neuron" type lesions concentric needle electromyography (CNEMG) is the most informative test to detect pelvic floor denervation/reinnervation, and the external anal sphincter (EAS) muscle is the most appropriate muscle to be examined (either in isolation-when a selective lesion is suspected-or in addition to examination of other muscles). An algorithm consisting of standardized tests including a standardized approach to CNEMG examination of the EAS is presented. The proposed electrophysiologic assessment consists of a computer-assisted analysis of denervation and reinnervation features of the CNEMG signal, a qualitative assessment of reflex and voluntary activation of EAS motor units, and of electrical (or mechanical) elicitation of the bulbocavernosus reflex in those patients in whom manual anogenital stimulation failed to elicit a robust response in the EAS. The proposed protocol could serve as a basis for further studies on validity, sensitivity and specificity of electrophysiologic assessment in patients with different types of "lower motor neuron" involvement of pelvic floor muscles and sacral dysfunction.

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Standardization of anal sphincter electromyography: normative data

Cited by 64 publications

References 55 publications

Determining the shape of the turns–amplitude cloud during anal sphincter quantitative EMG

Determining the shape of the turns–amplitude cloud during anal sphincter quantitative EMG

Anal Sphincter Electromyogram for Dysfunction of Lower Urinary Tract and Pelvic Floor

Protocol for clinical neurophysiologic examination of the pelvic floor

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