Standardised sampling plan for Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in outdoor tomatoes

Gusmão, Marcos Rafael; Picanço, Marcelo Coutinho; Zanúncio, José Cola; Silva, D.J.H.; Barrigossi, J.A.F.

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2004.04.005

Cited by 48 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The first evaluation was carried out on day 8 and 9 after infestation, the second evaluation was on day 22 and 23 and the third evaluation was on day 36 and 37. The number of adult whiteflies was determined by counting directly on the abaxial leaf surface of lateral leaflets on the 3rd or 4th and 7th or 8th leaf from the apex; this direct counting is more reliable (less variance) than beating of the plant and counting in a tray (Gusmao et al 2005). Egg and nymph numbers were determined on the same leaflets as where the adults were counted.…”

Section: Free-choice Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance to Bemisia tabaci in tomato wild relatives

et al. 2012

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Bemisia tabaci is one of the most threatening pests in agriculture, particularly in Solanaceous crops such as tomato and pepper that are cultivated in the open field. Pesticide application is often not effective and hazardous to humans and environment. The exploitation of plant natural defenses that are present in wild relatives of tomato, may offer a solution. To evaluate resistance parameters and to identify plant material with high levels of resistance, we screened a number of accessions of tomato wild relatives using three methods; a free-choice test in a screenhouse in Indonesia, a no-choice test with clip-on cages in a greenhouse and a leaf disc test in a climate-room in the Netherlands. Antibiosis resulting in low adult survival was the major component for resistance in tomato. However, other resistance component(s) may play a role as well. In some accessions there was a change in the resistance level over time. Several resistance parameters used in the different tests were well correlated. The best resistance source was an accession of Solanum galapagense, which had not been identified as being resistant in the past. This is of particular interest as this species is closely related to the cultivated tomato, which may facilitate introgression of the resistance component(s). Whitefly non-preference and resistance were associated with the presence of type IV trichomes. Other mechanisms might be involved since some accessions without type IV trichomes showed low nymphal density. The leaf disc test is a good in vitro alternative for the clip-on cage whitefly resistance screening, as shown by the high correlation between the results obtained with this test and the clip-on cage test. This offers breeders the possibility to carry out tests more efficiently.

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Section: Free-choice Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance to Bemisia tabaci in tomato wild relatives

et al. 2012

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“…Aleytrap nevertheless showed the best performance. Gusmao et al (2005) opined that the beating method was significantly superior over the leaf turn method for outdoor tomato crops, but the method is not as cost effective as the device is and in case where one has to assess the residual persistence through bioassay method, it would be inappropriate to beat the leaves and kill the adult whiteflies.…”

Section: Justificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aleytrap: An instrumentation to handle adult whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, Gennadius

Ahmad¹,

Rizvi²,

Nisar³

2014

J. Entomol. Nematol.

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“…Sampling plans adopted to determine population levels of pests use either a fi xed number of samples (hereafter called standardized) or a variable number of samples (sequential sampling) (Gusmão et al 2005). The standardized sampling plan requires maximum labor and expense because the same number of samples is taken regardless of pest density.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The standardized sampling plan is required for determining essential parameters necessary to build decision-making of IPM such as: sampling unit, number of samples, and sampling method. In addition, standardized sampling plans are models for the validation of sequential plans (Pedigo & Zeiss 1996, Gusmão et al 2005.…”

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Sampling plan for Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on cucumber

Bacci¹,

Picanço²,

Moura³

et al. 2008

Neotrop. entomol.

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Neotropical Entomology 37(5): 582-590 (2008) Plano de Amostragem para Tripes (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) em Pepino RESUMO -Este trabalho determina a melhor técnica, unidade amostral e o número de amostras para compor um plano de amostragem para os tripes Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom) e Thrips palmi (Karny) em pepino. A efi cácia de três técnicas de amostragem: batida de folhas em bandeja plástica branca, contagem direta de insetos na face inferior das folhas e coleta de folhas em sacola plástica foi comparada em nove cultivos comerciais de pepino, empregando três unidades amostrais (uma folha de ramo localizado nos terços apical, mediano e basal do dossel da planta). Baseado na variância relativa e precisão econômica dos melhores sistemas amostrais (melhores técnicas e unidades amostrais), calculou-se o número de amostras para a composição do plano de amostragem convencional. O sistema mais adequado para a amostragem de F. schultzei em pepino foi a contagem direta de insetos em folha do terço apical do espaldeiramento. Para tanto, deve-se amostrar uma folha por planta em 38 plantas/lavoura. Para a amostragem de T. palmi, o melhor sistema foi a batida de folha do terço apical do espaldeiramento em bandeja plástica. Na amostragem conjunta das duas espécies, o sistema mais adequado foi a contagem direta dos insetos em folha do terço apical do espaldeiramento. Nesse caso, amostra-se uma folha por planta, em 35 plantas/ lavoura. Estes resultados facilitam a tomada de decisão no manejo de tripes em pepino, agregando os benefícios da decisão correta para adoção ou não de práticas de redução populacional. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Cucumis sativus, Frankliniella schultzei, Thrips palmi, tomada de decisão, distribuição binomial negativaABSTRACT -This work determines the best technique, sampling unit and the number of samples to compose a sampling plan for Frankliniella schultzei (Trybom) and Thrips palmi (Karny) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on cucumber. The effi cacy of three sampling techniques: leaf beating on a plastic tray, direct counting of insects on the lower leaf surface, and whole leaf collection in bags were compared in nine commercial cucumber crops using three sampling units (a leaf from a branch located in the apical, median or basal third of the canopy). The number of samples was determined based on the relative variance and the economic precision for the best technique and sampling unit. The direct counting of insects on the apical third of the plant canopy was the best sampling technique for F. schultzei based on one leaf surveyed per plant using 38 plants per fi eld. The best sampling technique for T. palmi was the leaf beating on a tray using one leaf of the apical third per plant and 35 plants per fi eld. When joining both species, the best sampling system was the direct counting on the apical third, and it requires sampling one leaf per plant using at least 35 plants per fi eld. These results facilitate the decision-making for the management of thrips on cucumber and aggregate the benefi ts of the correct deci...

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Standardised sampling plan for Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) in outdoor tomatoes

Cited by 48 publications

References 13 publications

Resistance to Bemisia tabaci in tomato wild relatives

Resistance to Bemisia tabaci in tomato wild relatives

Aleytrap: An instrumentation to handle adult whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, Gennadius

Sampling plan for Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on cucumber

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