Standard operating procedure for loading/unloading operations and navigational safety of bulk carriers as per charter party requirements

Pie-Ya, Lu; Chou, Chien-Chang

doi:10.1177/1475090219875860

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…and 'C4 Check the cargo lifting points and gravity centre during lifting', which had high HEP values as calculated in the present study, cause physical or chemical damage to the cargo during the handling process. As stated in previous studies, bad handling [62][63][64][65] is one of the top reasons for claims. Improper maintenance, monitoring and application are the most effective errors in the occurrence of the bad handling claim.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Estimating human error probability in transporting steel cargo with bulk carriers using a hybrid approach

Kaptan

2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M:

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Maritime operations include potential human-made hazards. For this reason, evaluating human-made hazards for cost-effective ship management is of vital importance in the maritime industry. From past to present, researchers have attempted to offer preventive approaches to minimise human-made hazards. In this context, the present article proposes a hybrid approach through the integration of the Delphi, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Human Error Assessment and Reduction Technique (HEART) methods. With this approach, human-made claims occurring during the handling and transport of steel cargo in bulk carriers were analysed. The outputs of the present article contribute to the improvement of overall safety levels of steel cargo and bulk carriers by considering the potential hazards in risk management.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 73%

Estimating human error probability in transporting steel cargo with bulk carriers using a hybrid approach

Kaptan

2021

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M:

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“…As well as increasing demand of steel scrap cargo in the sector, it has been seen in the literature that there have been critically accidents and incidents during steel scrap loading or unloading process at the scrap terminals, such as cargo or crane falling on the deck or on the staff. According to researches, scrap operations fall into the business category that contains many risks in terms of having heavy workload and potentially causing irreversible damages to people in a minor carelessness [5,6]. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the most prevalent types of wounds when working with scrap metal are buckling and stresses, scotching and piercing skin, and cuts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A slim based approach for human error probability of steel scrap cargo operations as a critical process in the maritime sector

Kayisoglu

Bolat

2022

Pomorstvo (Online)

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The transportation of steel scrap cargoes in global trade has been increasing over the years. According to the researches, the demand of steel scrap materials will be more than double in the late 21st century whereby forecasting of steel scrap production and so steel scrap cargo operations will also evenly rise in ports. Increasing steel scrap cargo operations will bring along several undesirable accidents and injuries. Investigations show that the most paramount reason for these incidents or accidents related with steel scrap cargo operations in maritime sector is human error. In this sense, it is aimed to identify human error probabilities (HEPs) for steel scrap cargo operation that is performed frequently in maritime sector, especially in bulk carrier vessels. In this study, Success Likelihood Index Method (SLIM), which is one of the methods for Human Reliability Analysis (HRA), is used to determine HEPs in steel scrap cargo operations due to the limited data availability on this topic. Accordingly, the most common error modes that are determined via detailed literature review are ranked in accordance with HEP values. It is put forward which and how much error mode is affected from Performance Shaping Factor (PSF) such as education, supervision, environmental condition, equipment and tool condition, and experience mostly. According to the analysis results, “the falling piece of steel scrap on the deck during steel scrap loading or unloading operation” has the most probability occurrence. Consequently, it is understood that training and experience factors are critically important for preventing errors in steel scrap cargo operation in overall view. On the other hand, environmental condition, supervision, and equipment and tool condition factors include the prominent level of significance to bring down the probability of accruing of some specific errors. Accordingly, the proposed approach not only make a theory-based contribution to the maritime literature, but also to active contribution to the sector involving P&I Clubs, shipping companies, and classification societies toward focusing point for minimizing the accidents about steel scrap cargo operations.

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Analysis of tugboat operation and towage fees in a Taiwanese port and alternatives for improving tugboat operation by the Delphi method

Chou

Wen

Yijin

2020

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M:

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The purpose of this article is to analyze the towing operation problem and towage incomes of the Kaohsiung port in Taiwan, and then propose feasible improvement alternatives for making tugboat operations more smooth and efficient, solving the problem of port congestion, and enhancing the port’s navigational safety. First, by analyzing 23,336 sets of actual data of merchant vessels entering/exiting the port of Kaohsiung and the 28,787 sets of actual data of tugboat operation at the second channel of Kaohsiung port in 2017, we can understand the relationships among towing operations, merchant vessels, and towage income. Second, the scenario analysis associated with the concept of towage fee differentiation was applied to analyze the relationship between towing operations and tugboat revenues in various scenarios. Third, the study proposed feasible alternatives for improving the port congestion problem and enhancing tugboat operation effectiveness by using the Delphi method. We believe that the improvement alternatives and recommendations from this study are practical and feasible and can help in policy formation and decision-making of port tugboat operations in the future.

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Standard operating procedure for loading/unloading operations and navigational safety of bulk carriers as per charter party requirements

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Estimating human error probability in transporting steel cargo with bulk carriers using a hybrid approach

Estimating human error probability in transporting steel cargo with bulk carriers using a hybrid approach

A slim based approach for human error probability of steel scrap cargo operations as a critical process in the maritime sector

Analysis of tugboat operation and towage fees in a Taiwanese port and alternatives for improving tugboat operation by the Delphi method

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