2013
DOI: 10.3896/ibra.1.52.4.11
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Standard methods for molecular research inApis mellifera

Abstract: SummaryFrom studies of behaviour, chemical communication, genomics and developmental biology, among many others, honey bees have long been a key organism for fundamental breakthroughs in biology. With a genome sequence in hand, and much improved genetic tools, honey bees are now an even more appealing target for answering the major questions of evolutionary biology, population structure, and social organization.At the same time, agricultural incentives to understand how honey bees fall prey to disease, or evad… Show more

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Cited by 168 publications
(150 citation statements)
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“…RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis Survey years A, B, C, and D Bulk samples of 50 adult bees (stored at −80°C) were placed in a disposable extraction bag with 500 μL guanidine thiocyanate lysis (GITC) buffer per bee, 25 mL total, and RNA was extracted using the acid phenol protocol (see Sect. 4.3.3 in (Evans et al 2013)). Following RNA extraction, DNA was removed from the samples using DNase I incubation at 37°C for 1 h followed by 10 min at 75°C.…”
Section: Sample Typesmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis Survey years A, B, C, and D Bulk samples of 50 adult bees (stored at −80°C) were placed in a disposable extraction bag with 500 μL guanidine thiocyanate lysis (GITC) buffer per bee, 25 mL total, and RNA was extracted using the acid phenol protocol (see Sect. 4.3.3 in (Evans et al 2013)). Following RNA extraction, DNA was removed from the samples using DNase I incubation at 37°C for 1 h followed by 10 min at 75°C.…”
Section: Sample Typesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…4.2 in (Evans et al 2013)), 10 mL total, and flash frozen with liquid nitrogen and homogenized using a pestle. One hundred microliters of the grinded tissue was mixed with 600 μL RLT buffer with β-mercaptoethanol (Qiagen).…”
Section: Sample Typesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The mitochondrial molecule of the honeybee, Apis mellifera L., was fully sequenced in 1993 by Crozier and Crozier. Since then, several regions from the mitochondrial molecule have been used for phylogeography and molecular diversity studies of A. mellifera subspecies and populations, particularly the tRNA leu -cox2 intergenic region (Evans et al 2013;Meixner et al 2013). This intergenic region shows length and sequence variation allowing a grouping of subspecies largely congruent with the morphometrical classification that subdivide the variation of A. mellifera into four different evolutionary lineages: West (M) and North Mediterranean (C) lineages; an African lineage (A) which groups the African honey bee subspecies; and the Oriental lineage (O) located geographically in the Middle East (Ruttner 1988).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…В настоящее время исследования на основе SNP стали самыми распространенными и востребованными во всем мире [52]. SNP представляет собой однонуклеотид-ные позиции в геномной ДНК, в которых самая редкая замена может встречаться с частотой не менее 1 %.…”
Section: оценка таксономической принадлежности семей пчел на основе аunclassified