STAMP: components of observable behaviour that indicate potential for patient violence in emergency departments

Luck, Lauretta; Jackson, Debra; Usher, Kim

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2648.2007.04308.x

Cited by 95 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Patients wait a long time in the ED and are under stress regarding their underlying medical condition. These factors, concomitantly with substance abuse and psychiatric comorbidities, also contribute to violence toward staff (3,9,51). Emergency departments appear to be especially problematic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Çanakkale ilinde son 1 yılda hekime yönelik saldırıların değerlendirilmesi

Karaahmet¹,

Bakım²,

Altınbaş³

et al. 2014

Dusunen Adam

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Evaluation of assaults on doctors in Canakkale within the last yearObjective: Violence against doctors and health professionals in the healthcare environment is thought to have increased in recent years. Although physical and verbal assaults in the health care system have been evaluated in many different aspects, a limited amount of research has been done in this field in our country.For this reason, we aimed to investigate assaults towards doctors working at the Çanakkale State Hospital and Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University in Turkey.Method: A questionnaire was prepared by researchers assessing assaults within the last year on doctors working in the state and university hospitals. Data from 130 doctors who agreed to participation in the study were analysed with SPSS version 16. Descriptive statistics, independent sample T-test for normally distributed variables and Mann-Whitney U test for non-normally distributed variables were used to compare the groups.Results: We found that 59.2% (n=77) of the doctors were verbally and/or physically assaulted at least once during the past year. The majority of attackers consisted of relatives of patients (40.8% verbal attack, n=31).The verbal assaults mostly occurred in outpatient clinics (61.5%), with half of the physical assaults occurring in the emergency department. The vast majority of doctors considered that poor health policies were the most important reason for assaults (83.3%, n=65), and nearly all of them thought that violence towards doctors has increased in recent years (97.4%). Conclusion:The fact that most of the doctors exposed to assaults, regardless of gender, institution, or work position, perceived health policies as being responsible for this violent atmosphere, is very striking. We believe that larger sample-size and comprehensive countrywide studies in this area would help to provide solutions for this problem. Sonuç: Hekimlerin önemli bir bölümünün cinsiyet, çalıştıkları kurum ve konumdan bağımsız olarak, saldırılardan benzer oranda etkilenmesi ve uygulanan sağlık politikalarını var olan şiddet ortamının sorumlusu olarak görmesi oldukça çarpıcıdır. Bu alanda, daha geniş örneklem ile daha kapsamlı, ülke genelinde yapılacak çalışmaların, bu sorunun çözümüne ilişkin çıkış yolları sağlayacağını düşünmekteyiz.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Çanakkale ilinde son 1 yılda hekime yönelik saldırıların değerlendirilmesi

Karaahmet¹,

Bakım²,

Altınbaş³

et al. 2014

Dusunen Adam

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In fact environmental factors are hugely important determinants of behaviour in inpatient settings (Daffern, 2007). Research carried out in accident and emergency departments has shown that pacing and staring were two of the top five observable behaviours reported by staff (Luck et al, 2007) as relevant to aggressive behaviours. Results from the present study support these findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute aggression risk: an early warning signs methodology

Meaden

Hacker

Spencer

2013

The Journal of Forensic Practice

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“…Early recognition of the warning signs of patient violence may reduce the incidence of occurrence or increase preparedness for such an event. Luck, Jackson and Usher (2007) and more currently Wilkes et al (2010) identified five and 17 behavioral cues, respectively; however there is not a substantial amount of literature testing the usefulness of either of these tools. Kim, Ideker, and Todicheeney-Mannes (2012) discussed the psychometric properties of violence assessment tools and identified the need for such tools to determine overall usefulness as demonstrated by a satisfactory sensitivity, specificity, and inter-rater reliability.…”

Section: Statement Of Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This research provided the benchmark for testing a simple screening tool for violence. The 17-item checklist, the Aggressive Behavior Risk Assessment Tool (ABRAT), was derived from the published M55 tool, the 5-item STAMP (Luck et al, 2007) and an investigator-developed item. A prospective cohort study was conducted at an acute care hospital in which primary nurses completed a 17-item checklist upon admission.…”

Section: Violence Against Nurses In Emergency Department (Ed)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Derived from these interviews and observation, Luck et al (2007) This study was the first that identified observable behavioral cues that related directly to the ED and came directly from patient assessments in that setting. This assessment measure considers the interpersonal and psychosocial aspects unique to the ED and can be applied to patients, visitors, and family members.…”

Section: Specific Strategies To Identify Violent Behaviors In the Edmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Predictive Behavioral Cues of Patient Violence in the Emergency Department

Roy

2013

Preprint

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Nurses are often subject to violence at the hands of their patients. The Emergency Department (ED) has become the area most vulnerable in the hospital setting, with contributing factors including the rise of polysubstance drug abuse, the increasing psychiatric population, and overall stressors related to the economy. The ED is the "gateway" to the availability of shelter, medications, and resources for many people that pass through every year. Accurate and timely identification of the most common and easily identifiable precursors of violence is essential in order to develop and implement effective de-escalation techniques that have the potential to reduce actual events. The purpose of this research project was to demonstrate the usefulness of a behavioral cue assessment tool in providing a simple predictor for potential violence in the ED setting.The methodology included a behavioral assessment checklist containing 17 cues developed by Wilkes, Mohan, Luck and Jackson (2010). Nurses completed the 17 item behavioral assessment on all patients being treated in the ED during a three-week time period. All 17 behavioral cues demonstrated a positive predictive factor for violence based on statistical analysis. Given the simplicity, cost effective nature, and predictability, the checklist appears to be feasible to use to potentially reduce healthcare costs related to injuries and emotional distress of nurses at the hands of violent patients.Further research is indicated. This study further exemplifies the qualities of an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN), including research, education, cost containment, and improved patient care. Statement of ProblemWorkplace violence is a complicated and often underreported occupational hazard that has become almost a social norm in the health care setting (Pich, Hazelton, Sundin, & Kable, 2010). In 2002, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) defined workplace violence as violent acts (including physical assaults and threats of assaults) directed towards persons at work or on duty. Workplace violence is further defined as physical assault, emotional or verbal abuse, and threatening, harassing or coercive behavior that causes physical or emotional harm (NIOSH, 2002). At particular risk are members of the nursing profession and others with continued patient contact in high anxiety-type situations.The most common types of physical violence reported by the nurse respondents in a study conducted by the Emergency Nurses Association (ENA) included being "spit on", "hit", "pushed/shoved", "scratched" or "kicked" (Gacki-Smith et al., 2009). Verbal abuse was reported by nearly 70% of respondents, with the most common examples being "yelled/cursed at", "intimidated" and "harassed with a sexual language/innuendo". (2012) discussed the psychometric properties of violence assessment tools and identified the need for such tools to determine overall usefulness as demonstrated by a satisfactory sensitivity, specificity, and inter-rater reliability. Also to...

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STAMP: components of observable behaviour that indicate potential for patient violence in emergency departments

Abstract: Staring and eye contact, Tone and volume of voice, Anxiety, Mumbling and Pacing provides a useful, practical nursing violence assessment framework to assist nurses to quickly identify patients, families and friends who have a potential for violence.

Cited by 95 publications

References 20 publications

Çanakkale ilinde son 1 yılda hekime yönelik saldırıların değerlendirilmesi

Çanakkale ilinde son 1 yılda hekime yönelik saldırıların değerlendirilmesi

Acute aggression risk: an early warning signs methodology

Predictive Behavioral Cues of Patient Violence in the Emergency Department

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