Stacked depth graded multilayer for hard X-rays measured up to 130 keV

Jensen, Christian Damsgaard; Christensen, Finn Erland; Romaine, Suzanne; Bruni, R.; Zhong, Z.

doi:10.1117/12.733911

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Pt/C multilayers become inefficient beyond 80 keV because of the Platinum K-edge photo-absorption, hence Ni/C multilayers are to be adopted for these additional mirrors to achieve reflectivity beyond that limit. With a properly designed Ni/C multilayer recipe [9] , the resulting trend of the effective area is plotted in Figure 3. The effective area gain beyond 80 keV is apparent.…”

Section: Optical Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

The optics system of the New Hard X-ray Mission: status report

et al. 2011

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The New Hard X-ray Mission (NHXM) is a space X-ray telescope project focused on the 0.2 to 80 keV energy band, coupled to good imaging, spectroscopic and polarimetry detectors. The mission is currently undergoing the Phase B study and it has been proposed to ESA as a small-size mission to be further studied in the context of the M3 call; even if the mission was not downselected for this call, its study is being continued by ASI. The required performance is reached with a focal length of 10 m and with four mirror modules, each of them composed of 70 NiCo electroformed mirror shells. The reflecting coating is a broadband graded multilayer film, and the focal plane is mounted onto an extensible bench. Three of the four modules are equipped with a camera made of two detectors positioned in series, a Silicon low energy detector covering the range 0.2 to 15 keV and a high energy detector based on CdTe sensitive from 10 keV up to 120 keV. The fourth module is dedicated to the polarimetry to be performed with enhanced imaging capabilities. In this paper the latest development in the design and manufacturing of the optics is presented. The design has been optimized in order to increase as much as possible the effective area in the high-energy band. The manufacturing of the mirror shells benefits from the latest development in the mandrel production (figuring and polishing), in the multilayer deposition and in the integration improvements.

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Section: Optical Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

The optics system of the New Hard X-ray Mission: status report

et al. 2011

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“…The high extinction coefficient from the measured optical constants gives a lower reflectivity curve for the calculations, see Jensen et al 5 . Also Windt et al 4 shows that there is not total agreement between there measurements and the calculations at high energies.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because of the limitations on the focal length these designs have only had a reasonable collecting area for energies up to the W absorption edge at 69.5 keV or the Pt absorption edge at 78.4 keV. It has been shown that multilayer telescopes can work at higher energies but it has then been in a narrow energy band 4 or with newly developed more complicated stacked multilayers 5 . With the possibility of making formation flying the limit on the focal length have vanished and telescopes like Simbol-X 6 , GRI 7 , and XEUS 8 have the possibility to fly broadband depth graded multilayers coatings that works well above the W and Pt absorption edges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical constants in the hard X-ray/soft gamma ray range of selected materials for multilayer reflectors

Jensen¹,

Romaine

Bruni

et al. 2007

SPIE Proceedings

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Future Astrophysics missions operating in the hard X-ray/Soft Gamma ray range is slated to carry novel focusing telescopes based on the use of depth graded multilayer reflectors. Current design studies show that, at the foreseen focal lengths, it should be feasible to focus X-rays at energies as high as 300 keV. These designs use extrapolations of theoretical and experimentally determined optical constants from below 200 keV. In this paper we report on the first experimental determination of optical constants up to and above 200 keV. We present these first results as obtained at the National Synchrotron Light Source in Brookhaven and compare these to results obtained previously up to 180 keV of some of the same materials at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility in Grenoble.

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“…This will be achieved by filling the internal hole of each MM with additional 20 mirror shells (to a minimum shell diameter of 110 mm) These additional shells will be fabricated via direct replication of multilayers (e.g. Pt/C/Ni) from TiN-coated superpolished mandrels (see ( [3,4]). The effective area for three mirror modules is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Pos(integral 2010)033mentioning

confidence: 99%

NHXM: a New Hard X-ray Imaging and Polarimetric Mission

Cusumano¹,

Tagliaferri²

2011

Proceedings of 8th INTEGRAL Workshop “The Restless Gamma-Ray Universe” — PoS(INTEGRAL 2010)

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NHXM is a new hard X-ray imaging and polarimetric satellite mission characterized by a high spatial and energy resolution over a very broad energy band, from 0.3 to 80(120) keV, together with a sensitive X-ray imaging polarimetric capability. It is based on four identical mirror modules that, for the first time, will extend up to 80(120) keV the fine imaging capability today available only at E<10 keV. At the focus of three telescopes there will be three identical spectro-imaging cameras, at the focus of the fourth an X-ray polarimeter. The addition of a Wide Field X-Ray Monitor, sensitive in the 2-50 keV band, will also permit to detect transient phenomena. NHXM will provide a real breakthrough on a number of hot astrophysical topics, including: i) Black hole census, cosmic evolution and accretion physics; ii) Acceleration mechanism and non-thermal emission; iii) Physics of matter under extreme conditions. A NHXM proposal has been submitted to the ESA 2010 Call for a Cosmic Vision M3 mission.

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Stacked depth graded multilayer for hard X-rays measured up to 130 keV

Cited by 7 publications

References 9 publications

The optics system of the New Hard X-ray Mission: status report

The optics system of the New Hard X-ray Mission: status report

Optical constants in the hard X-ray/soft gamma ray range of selected materials for multilayer reflectors

NHXM: a New Hard X-ray Imaging and Polarimetric Mission

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