Stable Phase Equilibrium of Aqueous Quaternary System Li&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, Rb&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, Mg&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;//Borate–H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O at 298.2 K

et al. 2018

Self Cite

The solid–liquid equilibrium (SLE) of electrolyte mixtures Li+, K+, Rb+//borate–H2O at T = 323 K was studied by the isothermal dissolution method, and the X-ray diffraction method was used to confirm the solid-phase compositions. The analysis of phase diagram shows that the graph consists of one three-salt cosaturation invariant point and three regions of crystallization corresponding to single salts Li2B4O7·3H2O, K2B4O7·4H2O, and RbB5O8·4H2O, respectively. From the comparison of phase diagrams of system Li+, K+, Rb+//B4O7 2––H2O between 323 and 348 K, we can conclude that (1) the crystalline form of salts lithium borate, potassium borate, and rubidium borate did not change at 323 and 348 K and (2) the salt Li2B4O7·3H2O crystalline area decreases and the other two salt crystalline areas, K2B4O7·4H2O and RbB5O8·4H2O, increase at 323 K.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid–Liquid Equilibrium of the Quaternary System Lithium, Potassium, Rubidium, and Borate at T = 323 K

Zeng

et al. 2018

Self Cite

“…The research results of ternary systems are the precondition for the further study of the related phase equilibrium system. Up to now, some salt-water systems that contain three-, four-, and five-component phase equilibrium focused on rubidium ion have been conducted, for instance, the ternary systems K + , Rb + //SO 4 2– –H 2 O at 298 K; Rb + //Cl – , borate–H 2 O at 348 K; the quaternary systems K + , Rb + , Mg 2+ //Cl – –H 2 O at 323 K; Rb + , Mg 2+ //Cl – , borate–H 2 O at 323 and 348 K; , Li + , Rb + , Mg 2+ //borate–H 2 O at 298 K; Li + , K + , Rb + //Cl – –H 2 O at 348 K, and the quinary system Li + , K + , Rb + , Mg 2+ //borate–H 2 O at 348 K . Phase equilibria of salt-water systems research on cesium ion mainly concentrate on theoretical calculation, simulation on the Rb 2 SO 4 –Cs 2 SO 4 –MgSO 4 –H 2 O system at 298 K; the solubility prediction of the HCl–CsCl–H 2 O system at 298 K; the prediction of phase equilibrium of the systems Rb + , Cs + //Cl – , SO 4 2– –H 2 O and K + , Cs + //Cl – , SO 4 2– –H 2 O at 298 K …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurements and Calculations of Stable Phase Equilibria in Ternary Systems MgSO₄(Rb₂SO₄) + Cs₂SO₄ + H₂O at T = 298.2 K

Zeng

et al. 2018

Self Cite

The components (solubilities and densities) in aqueous stable equilibria systems Cs 2 SO 4 + MgSO 4 + H 2 O and Rb 2 SO 4 + Cs 2 SO 4 + H 2 O at T = 298.2 K have been studied by the isothermal dissolution equilibrium method. The wet residue method and the X-ray diffraction method were used to confirm the solid phase compositions. The ternary system Cs 2 SO 4 + MgSO 4 + H 2 O is a complex saturated type, with the commensurate double salt Cs 2 SO 4 •MgSO 4 •6H 2 O formed at the investigated temperature. There are two two-salt cosaturation invariant points, with the coexisting solid phases corresponding to commensurate type saturation points E 1 (MgSO 4 •7H 2 O + Cs 2 SO 4 • MgSO 4 •6H 2 O) and E 2 (Cs 2 SO 4 •MgSO 4 •6H 2 O + Cs 2 SO 4 ), three monovariant curves, and three crystallization fields in the system of Cs 2 SO 4 + MgSO 4 + H 2 O. The ternary system Rb 2 SO 4 + Cs 2 SO 4 + H 2 O with solid solutions formed contains two cosaturated points, with the equilibrium solid phases of the saturation points F 1 and F 2 corresponding to [(Rb, Cs) 2 SO 4 ] + Cs 2 SO 4 and Rb 2 SO 4 + [(Rb, Cs) 2 SO 4 ], respectively, three monovariant curves, and three crystallization fields and is also a complex type at 298.2 K. Furthermore, under the investigated temperature, the Pitzer model was applied to calculate the solubilitites of these two ternary systems. Comparing the predicted solubilities with the experimental solubilities, the results both indicated good consistency.

“…The seven-component system Li + , Na + , K + , Rb + , Mg 2+ // Cl – , and borate–H 2 O can be used to describe the composition in the Pingluo underground brine. Until now, some phase equilibria of subsystems related to the above mentioned complex system have been done: ternary systems, such as Li + // Cl – , BO 2 – –H 2 O at 288.2–323.2 K, , Li + , K + // borate–H 2 O and Li + , Rb + // borate–H 2 O at 323.2 K, K + , Rb + // borate–H 2 O and Rb + , Mg 2+ // borate–H 2 O at 323.2 K, Mg 2+ // Cl – , B 6 O 10 2– –H 2 O at 288.2 and 308.2 K, , and Mg 2+ // Cl – , B 4 O 7 2– –H 2 O at 273.2 K; quaternary systems, such as Li + , Na + , Mg 2+ // B 4 O 7 2– –H 2 O at 273.2 K, Li + , K + , Mg 2+ // borate–H 2 O at 348.2 K, Li + , Rb + , Mg 2+ // borate–H 2 O at 298.2–348.2 K, − Na + , Mg 2+ // Cl – , B 4 O 7 2– –H 2 O at 273.2 K, Rb + , Mg 2+ // Cl – , borate–H 2 O at 323.2 and 348.2 K; , and quinary system such as Li + , K + , Rb + , Mg 2+ // borate–H 2 O at 323.2 and 348.2 K. , The results show that the crystalline form of boron is related to the coexisting ions and temperature. Boron appears in many polymeric forms such as BO 2 – , B(OH) 4 – , B 3 O 3 (OH) 4 – , B 4 O 5 (OH) 4 2– , and B 5 O 6 (OH) 4 – in the solution containing borate. − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Equilibria on the Reciprocal Quaternary System K⁺, Rb⁺ // Cl^–, and Borate–H₂O at T = 323.2 K and p = 94.77 kPa

Yu¹,

Feng

et al. 2021

Self Cite

The isothermal dissolution method was applied for the phase equilibrium experiment of the quaternary system K+, Rb+ // Cl–, and borate–H2O at T = 323.2 K and p = 94.77 kPa. The solubilities and refractive indices (n D) of the system were determined experimentally. The coexisting salts of the quaternary invariant points were identified using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. Based on the measured data, the stable phase diagram and the figures of water content and refractive index (n D) vs composition were plotted for this system at 323.2 K. The results show that the system belongs to a complex type with the formation of a solid solution [(K, Rb)Cl]. The stable phase diagram consists of three quaternary invariant points, seven isothermal dissolution curves, and five crystallization regions corresponding to KCl, RbCl, RbB5O6(OH)4·2H2O, K2B4O5(OH)4·2H2O, and [(K, Rb)Cl]. The size of the RbB5O6(OH)4·2H2O crystallization zone is the largest among the coexisting salts in the quaternary system, which means it is the most easily crystallized from the mixed solution containing potassium, rubidium, chloride, and borate.