Stable Hybrid Silica Nanosieve Membranes for the Dehydration of Lower Alcohols

Kreiter, Robert; Rietkerk, M.D.A.; Castricum, H.L.; Veen, H.M. van; Elshof, Johan E. ten; Vente, Jaap F.

doi:10.1002/cssc.200800198

Cited by 64 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Even higher water fluxes and higher separation factors are obtained when the -C 2 H 4 -bridge (BTESE) is replaced by -CH 2 -(BTESM) [25,28]. The pore size of this system is between that of BTESE and BTESE-MTES [25]. Unlike BTESE and BTESE-MTES with a CH x :Si ratio of 1, the CH x :Si ratio of BTESM is only 0.5.…”

Section: Pervaporationmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These seemingly conflicting results show that not only pore size, but also factors like pore connectivity and physicochemical interactions between permeating species and the membrane matrix are important to consider. Even higher water fluxes and higher separation factors are obtained when the -C 2 H 4 -bridge (BTESE) is replaced by -CH 2 -(BTESM) [25,28]. The pore size of this system is between that of BTESE and BTESE-MTES [25].…”

Section: Pervaporationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To avoid a wide distribution of sizes in the sol, the hydrolysis is often carried out in two steps so that water-lean conditions are maintained throughout the process [24]. It is noted that in later studies hybrid organosilica membranes were mostly prepared from a single type of alkoxide precursor such as BTESE or bis(triethoxysilyl)methane (BTESM) [12,25,26], although condensation of monomers into relatively inert cyclic dimers that do not contribute to gel formation may have led to a decreased yield in these cases [22,27].…”

Section: Sol-gel Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high water flux is likely at least partly due to the hydrophilic nature of the membrane. However, BTESM also showed a remarkable ability to separate water from lower alcohols, including the notoriously difficult molecular separation methanol-water [25,77]. Using a 5:95 wt/wt water-methanol mixture at the feed side, a permeate stream containing 55:45 wt/wt watermethanol was accomplished (a H 2 O=MeOH = 23), see Fig.…”

Section: Pervaporationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure–property tuning in hydrothermally stable sol–gel-processed hybrid organosilica molecular sieving membranes

Elshof

Dral

2015

J Sol-Gel Sci Technol

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Supported microporous organosilica membranes made from bridged silsesquioxane precursors by an acid-catalyzed sol-gel process have demonstrated a remarkable hydrothermal stability in pervaporation and gas separation processes, making them the first generation of ceramic molecular sieving membranes with sufficient performance under industrially relevant conditions. The commercial availability of various a,x-bis(trialkoxysilyl)alkane and 1,4-bis(trialkoxysilyl)benzene precursors facilitates the tailoring of membrane properties like pore size and surface chemistry via the choice of precursor(s) and process variables. Here, we describe the engineering of sols for making supported microporous thin films, discuss the thermal and hydrothermal stability of microporous organosilicas and give a short overview of the developments and applications of these membranes in liquid and gas separation processes since their first report in 2008.Graphical Abstract

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Section: Pervaporationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Pervaporationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sol-gel Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pervaporationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Structure–property tuning in hydrothermally stable sol–gel-processed hybrid organosilica molecular sieving membranes

Elshof

Dral

2015

J Sol-Gel Sci Technol

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“…In this work a hybrid silica membrane (HybSi ® , developed at ECN) for dehydration was used. This HybSi ® membrane has a very high hydrothermal stability and can be used in the dehydration of various organics (ECN, 2010;Castricum et al, 2008a;Castricum et al, 2008b;Castricum et al, 2008c;Kreiter et al, 2009). In the current research the high stability of this membrane under the presence of aggressive organic solvents, like the aldehyde butyraldehyde, and catalyst impacts was confirmed.…”

Section: Membrane Reactorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acetals as Possible Diesel Additives

Agirre¹,

Barrio²,

Güemez³

et al. 2011

Economic Effects of Biofuel Production

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Sol–Gel‐Derived Silica Membranes

Kanezashi

2013

Encyclopedia of Membrane Science and Technology

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In this article, sol–gel‐derived silica membranes are reviewed in terms of the control of silica network size and hydrothermal stability, which are the most important issues for the practical, industrial application of amorphous silica membranes. For control of the silica network size, “organic template” and “spacer” methods have been introduced. Bridged alkoxides with organic groups between two Si atoms can be used for the control of silica network size via the “spacer” method. The pore size distribution, as determined by single‐gas permeation and normalized Knudsen‐based permeance (NKP), suggests the following order for average pore sizes owing to differences in the minimum units of the silica precursor: bis(triethoxysilyl) ethane (BTESE)‐derived silica (Si−C−C−Si unit) > bis(triethoxysilyl) methane (BTESM)‐derived silica (Si−C−Si unit) > tetraethoxysilane (TEOS)‐derived silica (≡Si−O). For hydrothermal stability of amorphous silica membranes at high temperatures, metal‐doped silica membranes have been introduced, particularly Ni‐ and Co‐doped silica membranes that have superior hydrothermal stability and hydrogen permeation performance. For example, Ni‐doped silica membranes showed a H 2 permeance above 1.0 × 10 −7 mol/(m 2 s Pa) with a H 2 /N 2 permselectivity of more than several hundred after exposure to a steamed atmosphere (500 °C, partial pressure of steam: 400 kPa). Doped metals may exist as metal ions, as covalently bound compounds, or as tiny crystals dispersed in amorphous silica networks, and one possible mechanism by which they prevent the densification of silica networks is that they increase in stability under hydrothermal conditions. Also, in this article, we summarize recent progress in metal‐doped silica membranes, such as Nb−SiO 2 and Pd−SiO 2 , which have shown unique gas permeation properties.

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Stable Hybrid Silica Nanosieve Membranes for the Dehydration of Lower Alcohols

Cited by 64 publications

References 19 publications

Structure–property tuning in hydrothermally stable sol–gel-processed hybrid organosilica molecular sieving membranes

Structure–property tuning in hydrothermally stable sol–gel-processed hybrid organosilica molecular sieving membranes

Acetals as Possible Diesel Additives

Sol–Gel‐Derived Silica Membranes

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