Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Therapy for Primary Abdominal Compartment Syndrome in Rats

Abstract

Recently, the stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 was shown to counteract major vessel occlusion syndromes, i.e., peripheral and/or central occlusion, while activating particular collateral pathways. We induced abdominal compartment syndrome (intra-abdominal pressure in thiopental-anesthetized rats at 25 mmHg (60 min), 30 mmHg (30 min), 40 mmHg (30 min), and 50 mmHg (15 min) and in esketamine-anesthetized rats (25 mmHg for 120 min)) as a model of multiple occlusion syndrome. By improving the function of the venous system with BPC 157, we reversed the chain of harmful events. Rats with intra-abdominal hypertension (grade III, grade IV) received BPC 157 (10 µg or 10 ng/kg sc) or saline (5 ml) after 10 min. BPC 157 administration recovered the azygos vein via the inferior–superior caval vein rescue pathway. Additionally, intracranial (superior sagittal sinus), portal, and caval hypertension and aortal hypotension were reduced, as were the grossly congested stomach and major hemorrhagic lesions, brain swelling, venous and arterial thrombosis, congested inferior caval and superior mesenteric veins, and collapsed azygos vein; thus, the failed collateral pathway was fully recovered. Severe ECG disturbances (i.e., severe bradycardia and ST-elevation until asystole) were also reversed. Microscopically, transmural hyperemia of the gastrointestinal tract, intestinal mucosa villi reduction, crypt reduction with focal denudation of superficial epithelia, and large bowel dilatation were all inhibited. In the liver, BPC 157 reduced congestion and severe sinusoid enlargement. In the lung, a normal presentation was observed, with no alveolar membrane focal thickening and no lung congestion or edema, and severe intra-alveolar hemorrhage was absent. Moreover, severe heart congestion, subendocardial infarction, renal hemorrhage, brain edema, hemorrhage, and neural damage were prevented. In conclusion, BPC 157 cured primary abdominal compartment syndrome.

Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 Therapy of Rat Glaucoma

“…Medication was administered as described previously [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ], without use of a carrier or peptidase inhibitor, for stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157, a partial sequence of the human gastric juice protein BPC, which was freely soluble in water at pH 7.0 and in saline. BPC 157 (GEPPPGKPADDAGLV, molecular weight 1419; Diagen, Ljubljana, Slovenia) was prepared as a peptide with 99% high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) purity, with 1-des-Gly peptide being the main impurity.…”

“…BPC 157 (GEPPPGKPADDAGLV, molecular weight 1419; Diagen, Ljubljana, Slovenia) was prepared as a peptide with 99% high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) purity, with 1-des-Gly peptide being the main impurity. The dose and application regimens were as described previously [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

“…Recently, the rapid upgrading of the collateral pathways by a stable gastric pentadecapeptide BPC 157 has cured many severe syndromes [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ] induced by permanent occlusion of major vessels, veins and/or arteries [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ], peripherally and centrally, major intoxication (alcohol, lithium) [ 14 , 15 ] and maintained intra-abdominal hypertension [ 16 ]. Its applicability in the rapid upgrading of the collateral pathways may likely provide an additional beneficial effect in various vessel tributaries and normalization/attenuation of the intracranial (sinus sagittal) hypertension, portal and caval hypertension and aortal hypotension, and counteraction of the multiorgan failure syndrome [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Consequently, we theorized that all BPC 157 regimens [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ] in rats with cauterized three episcleral veins and increased intraocular pressure would immediately normalize intraocular pressure.…”

“…Its applicability in the rapid upgrading of the collateral pathways may likely provide an additional beneficial effect in various vessel tributaries and normalization/attenuation of the intracranial (sinus sagittal) hypertension, portal and caval hypertension and aortal hypotension, and counteraction of the multiorgan failure syndrome [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Consequently, we theorized that all BPC 157 regimens [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ] in rats with cauterized three episcleral veins and increased intraocular pressure would immediately normalize intraocular pressure.…”

Stable Gastric Pentadecapeptide BPC 157 May Counteract Myocardial Infarction Induced by Isoprenaline in Rats

“…Each feature was assigned a score from 0 to 3 based on its absence (0) or presence to a mild (1), moderate (2) or severe (3) degree. A total cumulative histology score was determined [21][22][23]59].…”