Stability under temperature of expanded austenite developed on stainless steel AISI 316L by ion nitriding

Duplex treatment of AISI 304 austenitic stainless steel using rf nitriding and dc reactive magnetron sputtering of titanium

“…It has found that the reflection peaks from CrN are quite strong. Similar strong intensities of CrN were observed after nitriding of austenitic stainless steel using different nitriding techniques at similar temperature conditions [35][36][37].…”

Corrosion behavior of ion nitrided AISI 316L stainless steel

“…In particular, ion nitriding of austenitic stainless steels [1][2][3] presents the attractive that, under certain processing conditions, a phase known as expanded austenite [4,5], phase "S" [6] or γ N [7,8] is rapidly developed. This surface modification can be seen as a shift to lower reflection angles of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks corresponding principally to the (111) and (200) orientation planes of austenite (base material).…”

Austenite modification of AISI 316L SS by pulsed nitrogen ion beams generated in dense plasma focus discharges

“…This ion nitriding treatment was also done on AISI 316L under the same conditions as AISI 304, developing the same type of surface layer. Further studies on stability under thermal treatment in the atmosphere [12] have shown that this phase becomes unstable at high temperatures returning, as an abrupt contraction, to the lattice parameters corresponding to the original austenite. In no case was there observed a gradual passage from one situation to the other, i.e.…”