Stability assessment of high-steep cut slope debris on a landslide (Gumushane, NE Turkey)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine the effects on the stability of slope debris of planned slope excavations around the vicinity of Gumushane Imam-Hatip High School in NE Turkey. To assess the geotechnical properties of slope debris along the determined cross-sections, four exploration boreholes with a total length of 100 m were drilled and undisturbed soil samples were collected. Slope debris is composed of two soil zones and its depth varies between 15 m and 21 m. It was determined from the experimental results that the soil class of the upper zone is CL (low plasticity clay) and CH (high plasticity clay) whereas the soil class of the lower zone is SC (clayey sand) and GC (clayey gravel). Peak cohesions of the upper and lower zones were 26.3 kPa and 10.2 kPa, and their peak internal friction angles were 16°and 24°, respectively. Limit equilibrium (LE) analyses for the slopes were evaluated using Slide v5.0 software for the pre-excavation, post-excavation, and supported cases. The results of LE analyses showed the existence of a landslide along the SW direction; the landslide would extend to cover the whole region if the excavation were to be performed without applying engineering measures. Finally, the precautions to be taken were determined and stability analyses for the supported case were evaluated. These analyses showed that the active lateral forces applied by the proposed retaining walls to the cut slope should be 8325 and 3103 kN, respectively.

Loss Rules of Total Nitrogen and Total Phosphorus in the Soils of Southwest Mountains in Henan Province, China Under Artificial Rainfall

“…The physical properties of soil are the internal factors leading to soil erosion, the degree of soil erosion is usually related to the physical properties of soil itself under certain external forces (Kaya et al, 2016). The above research showed that the soil of timber forest and shrubby grassland could absorb nutrients and reduce soil erosion out of better soil structure; under the same rainfall conditions, the loss of terraced soil in runoff and sediment were all lower than sloping farmland while the concentration of TN and TP were higher than that of other soil, which fully indicated that terrace could store and collect nutrients and achieve on-site infiltration of rainwater.…”

Linear Parameters Causing Landslides: A Case Study of Distance to the Road, Fault, Drainage

“…Despite this, a certain section of the road can function as a barrier, a network resource, a network pool, or a corridor for water flow [91][92][93]. It can indirectly cause landslides by increasing the water concentration in the slope, including saturated slopes [11,30]. Another crucial point is the change of natural hydraulic roads that may water to concentrate in the imbalanced sections of the slope [27].…”

“…Due to the weathering effect of the drainage, it drags the materials from the toe point and eventually causes stepped landslides that trigger movements from the toe to the top elevation with lateral spreading [131]. Pore water pressure is affected, which affects susceptibility [30]. Timilsina et al [44], in his works, considers the closeness to certain drainages as it applies.…”

“…The general concept is that the horizontal and natural sections around a road are more susceptible to landslides [7]. For this reason, landslides can occur on roads and around the edges of slopes that are affected by roads [27][28][29][30]. In other words, landslides can occur in slopes where roads intersect [31].…”

“…Xu et al [6], Regmi et al [69] and Wang et al [63] stated that landslides occur along the fault line in the study area, and landslides decrease sharply as they move away from them. Ahmed et al [2014] stated that the most likely triggering factor for large rock mass move in the study areas is proximity to the fault [30].…”