Square-wave voltammetric determination of hydroxychloroquine in pharmaceutical and synthetic urine samples using a cathodically pretreated boron-doped diamond electrode

Development and application of an electrochemical sensor modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene oxide for the sensitive and selective detection of tetracycline

“…Artificial urine was synthesized using the following components: 0.73 g of NaCl, 0.40 g of KCl, 0.28 g of CaCl 2 , 0.56 g of Na 2 SO 4 , 0.35 g of KH 2 PO 4 , 0.25 g of NH 4 Cl, and 6.25 g of urea. The components were added to a 250 mL volumetric flask and the volume was completed with deionized water [32].…”

DPV and SWV Determination of Estrone Using a Cathodically Pretreated Boron‐Doped Diamond Electrode

“…Taking into account the above and the excellent performance of BDD electrodes in the determination of many organic analytes 33,37,39,45–50,55–57, in this paper, we report on the influence of electrochemical pretreatments on the activity of a BDD electrode for estrone detection, as well as on the development and validation of an analytical method to determine estrone in different water matrices using two voltammetric techniques: differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and square‐wave voltammetry (SWV).…”

“…Here it should be noted that, for some analytes, the electroanalytical performance of BDD electrodes might depend on their surface termination (hydrogen or oxygen), which in principle can be tuned by cathodic or anodic electrochemical pretreatments, respectively 37–45. Thus, cathodically pretreated BDD electrodes have been used to develop several electroanalytical procedures to determine different substances – see, for example, references 46–50. Recently, Brocenschi et al.…”

Amperometric flow-injection determination of the anthelmintic drugs ivermectin and levamisole using electrochemically pretreated boron-doped diamond electrodes

“…As has been previously summarized [32], increased electroanalytical performances have been attained in the determination of additives in food products and drugs in pharmaceutical formulations after the BDD electrode was cathodically pretreated; more recently, this has happened e.g. for food colorants [33], and the pharmaceuticals albendazole [34], propylthiouracil [35], bezafibrate [36], hydroxychloroquine [37], hydroquinone [38], diclofenac [39], ciprofloxacin [40], and paracetamol/caffeine/orphenadrine [41] or propanolol/hydrochlorothiazide [42] simultaneously. However, in some cases, better results were attained with an anodically pretreated BDD electrode, e.g.…”