Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Thyroid as a Result of Anaplastic Transformation from BRAF-Positive Papillary Thyroid Cancer

Basnet, Alina; Pandita, Aakriti; Fullmer, Joseph; Sivapiragasam, Abirami

doi:10.1155/2017/4276435

Cited by 13 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It was reported that thyroid papillary carcinoma was the most common type of thyroid cancer. 11 In this research, TCGA analysis was used to study the expression of miR-497 in thyroid cancer. The result showed that there was low expression of miR-497 in thyroid cancer ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

miR-497 inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of thyroid papillary carcinoma cells by negatively regulating YAP1 expression

Cheng

Dong

Feng

et al. 2018

OTT

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PurposeThis article aimed to investigate the effect of miR-497 on thyroid papillary carcinoma.Materials and methodsmiR-497 expression was analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas. A total of 56 papillary thyroid carcinoma patients’ tumor tissues and normal tissues were collected. Nthy-ori 3-1 and K1 cells were cultured. K1 cells were also transfected. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were used to detect miR-497 and yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) expression. Luciferase reporter assay was performed. MTT and Transwell assay were conducted to measure cells’ proliferation, migration and invasion. Immunofluorescence detection was used to detect YAP1-positive cells.ResultsmiR-497 was downregulated, while YAP1 was upregulated in thyroid papillary carcinoma tissues and K1 cells (P<0.05). Compared with the negative control group, the OD495 value and the migrating and invasive cell number were significantly lower in miR-497 mimics group and significantly higher in miR-497 inhibitor group (P<0.05). YAP1 was the target gene of miR-497. Compared with blank group, the OD495 value and the migrating and invasive cell number were significantly lower in si-YAP1 group and significantly higher in miR-497 inhibitor group (P<0.05), while no significant difference was found between si-YAP1+inhibitors group and blank group in these indicators.ConclusionmiR-497 regulated the proliferation, migration and invasion of K1 cells by negatively regulating YAP1 expression.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

miR-497 inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of thyroid papillary carcinoma cells by negatively regulating YAP1 expression

Cheng

Dong

Feng

et al. 2018

OTT

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“…Carboplatin, an antineoplastic agent, was used to treat various forms of cancer, especially advanced ovarian carcinoma 33 . It has been reported that a BRAF V600E PTC patient with tall cell variant and squamous transformation responded well to treatment with concurrent chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel along with radiation 34 . Carboplatin/paclitaxel could also be used in the chemotherapy of anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) 35 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Potential BRAF Inhibitor Joint Therapy Targets in PTC based on WGCAN and DCGA

Han¹,

Yu²,

Yin³

et al. 2021

J. Cancer

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As the most common mutation in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), B-type Raf kinase V600E mutation ( BRAF V600E ) has become an important target for the clinical treatment of PTC. However, the clinical application still faces the problem of resistance to BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi). Therefore, exploring BRAF V600E -associated prognostic factors to providing potential joint targets is important for combined targeted therapy with BRAFi. In this study, we combined transcript data and clinical information from 199 BRAF wild-type ( BRAF WT ) patients and 283 BRAF V600E mutant patients collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and screened 455 BRAF V600E - associated genes through differential analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Based on these BRAF V600E -associated genes, we performed functional enrichment analysis and co-expression differential analysis and constructed a core co-expression network. Next, genes in the differential co-expression network were used to predict drugs for therapy in the crowd extracted expression of differential signatures (CREEDS) database, and the key genes were selected based on the hub co-expression network through survival analyses and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. Finally, we obtained eight BRAF V600 E -associated biomarkers with both prognostic and diagnostic values as potential BRAFi joint targets, including FN1 , MET , SLC34A2 , NGEF , TBC1D2 , PLCD3 , PROS1 , and NECTIN4 . Among these genes, FN1, MET, PROS1, and TBC1D2 were validated through GEO database. Two novel biomarkers, PROS1 and TBC1D2 , were further validated by qRT-PCR experiment. Besides, we obtained four potential targeted drugs that could be used in combination with BRAFi to treat PTC, including MET inhibitor, ERBB3 inhibitor, anti-NaPi2b antibody-drug conjugate, and carboplatin through literature review. The study provided potential drug targets for combination therapy with BRAFi for PTC to overcome the drug resistance for BRAFi.

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“…Two predominant histological groups of DTC are papillary (PTC) and follicular (FTC) thyroid carcinoma, accounting for ~80% and ~15% of DTCs, respectively [2]. On the other hand, squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid (SCT), constituting less than 1% of all thyroid malignancies, is an aggressive neoplasm thought to arise as a primary tumor or as a component of an anaplastic or undifferentiated carcinoma and gives the distant metastasis [3]. The thyroid gland is a highly vascularized organ with increased vascularity observed in thyroid diseases, including tumors [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depending on the type, DTCs spread through different pathways and PTCs have a propensity to disseminate via lymphatic vessels to the neck regional lymph nodes, whereas FTCs tend to metastasize to remote organs by the hematogenous route [4]. Metastases from primary SCT are common and mostly its vascular invasion occurs in the lungs, bones, liver, kidney, and heart [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcription Factor Prospero Homeobox 1 (PROX1) as a Potential Angiogenic Regulator of Follicular Thyroid Cancer Dissemination

Rudzińska

Mikula

Arczewska

et al. 2019

IJMS

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It is well known that Prospero homeobox 1 (PROX1) is a crucial regulator of lymphangiogenesis, that reprograms blood endothelial cells to lymphatic phenotype. However, the role of PROX1 in tumor progression, especially in angiogenesis remains controversial. Herein, we studied the role of PROX1 in angiogenesis in cell lines derived from follicular thyroid cancer (FTC: FTC-133) and squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland (SCT: CGTH-W-1) upon PROX1 knockdown. The genes involved in angiogenesis were selected by RNA-seq, and the impact of PROX1 on vascularization potential was investigated using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured in conditioned medium collected from FTC- or SCT-derived cancer cell lines after PROX1 silencing. The angiogenic phenotype was examined in connection with the analysis of focal adhesion and correlated with fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) levels. Additionally, the expression of selected genes involved in angiogenesis was detected in human FTC tissues. As a result, we demonstrated that PROX1 knockdown resulted in upregulation of factors associated with vascularization, such as metalloproteinases (MMP1 and 3), FGF2, vascular endothelial growth factors C (VEGFC), BAI1 associated protein 2 (BAIAP2), nudix hydrolase 6 (NUDT6), angiopoietin 1 (ANGPT1), and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (KDR). The observed molecular changes resulted in the enhanced formation of capillary-like structures by HUVECs and upregulated focal adhesion in FTC-133 and CGTH-W-1 cells. The signature of selected angiogenic genes’ expression in a series of FTC specimens varied depending on the case. Interestingly, PROX1 and FGF2 showed opposing expression levels in FTC tissues and seven thyroid tumor-derived cell lines. In summary, our data revealed that PROX1 is involved in the spreading of thyroid cancer cells by regulation of angiogenesis.

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Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Thyroid as a Result of Anaplastic Transformation from BRAF-Positive Papillary Thyroid Cancer

Cited by 13 publications

References 17 publications

miR-497 inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of thyroid papillary carcinoma cells by negatively regulating YAP1 expression

miR-497 inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of thyroid papillary carcinoma cells by negatively regulating YAP1 expression

Identification of Potential BRAF Inhibitor Joint Therapy Targets in PTC based on WGCAN and DCGA

Transcription Factor Prospero Homeobox 1 (PROX1) as a Potential Angiogenic Regulator of Follicular Thyroid Cancer Dissemination

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