Sprouting, phenology, and maturation of the Italian grapevine ‘Fiano’ in Campo Largo, PR, Brazil

Abstract

Highlights:The Italian cultivar Fiano is productive and adapted to the region of Campo Largo. Sprouting of dormant buds can be increased with Erger in years of low chill. Wine production in the altitude region in the Paraná State may be a new economical option. AbstractDespite the expansion of viticulture in Brazil, the lack of chilling hours is a factor that requires the use of growth inducers to promote sprouting. Erger™ is a product of low toxicity and efficient in the bud induction of apple. However, there is a lack of studies testing such a product on the grapevine. This research was carried out to evaluate the sprouting and phenological cycle of 'Fiano' grapevine after Erger™ and calcium nitrate application in comparison to hydrogen cyanamide, as well as characterizing its production in Brazil. The experiment was carried out in Campo Largo, PR, under a trellis system, with plants spaced at 1.25 × 2.7 meters. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with four replications and three plants per plot. Different concentrations of Erger™ and calcium nitrate (3%, 5%, 7%, and control) were tested compared to the standard dose of Dormex™ (4%) to induce sprouting in 'Fiano' grapevine, while phenological aspects of this cultivar were evaluated following the BBCH scale. Soluble solids content, titratable acidity, and pH were evaluated weekly after the beginning of berry maturation. The main biometric and qualitative characteristics of bunches were evaluated at harvest. All treatments presented satisfactory sprouting rates in 2014, but a lower cold accumulation was observed in 2015, and Erger™ application significantly increased sprouting when compared to the control. Plants treated with Erger™ had a delay in sprouting in the two years of study, requiring more time to reach a satisfactory percentage of open buds. The anticipation of sprouting was also observed in all treatments in the second agricultural season due to higher temperatures in relation to the previous year when the occurrence of low temperatures led to a longer time to start bud opening, which was related to ecodormancy. The cultivar Fiano is productive and adapted to the conditions of Campo Largo, PR, Brazil.

How to Improve the Production and Quality of Chirimoya (Annona cherimola Mill.) in the Tropical Andes

“…Our study showed statistical differences from 21 to 35 DADA (Table VI). These results agree with a previous report [10] that found a 95% sprouting in the Cumbe cultivar after applying HC at 1%, following manual defoliation, thus exposing the buds to the sprouting inducer. Without the application of this product, there is little sprouting, possibly due to apical dominance [19].…”

“…Various researchers [6]- [8] concluded that manual or chemical tree defoliation advances flowering and fruit harvest. In some cases, this could be improved with supplemental early pruning [9] or the use of sprouting inducers [10], [11] in an addressed way. In terms of defoliation, it is important to know when new flower buds are induced with subsequent flower formation, consequently, early defoliation causes the inhibition of immature buds.…”

Advancing Endodormancy Release in Temperate Fruit Trees Using Agrochemical Treatments

“…In agreement with these results, it has been observed in grapevine that, under subtropical conditions, plants sprayed with an Erger R solution, and plants treated with hydrogen cyanamide (3.5-4.5%) solutions present similar vegetative bud break rates (Fowler et al, 2020). Even so, both Erger R and hydrogen cyanamide treatments exhibited a higher budburst (10-15%) than the control treatment (Fowler et al, 2020;Rosa et al, 2020).…”

“…Erger ® + Activ Erger ® have been widely applied in many different species like apple, grapevine, kiwi [ Actinidia deliciosa (A.Chev.) C.F.Liang & A.R.Ferguson], blackberry, sweet cherry and peach to promote endodormancy release, and flowering ( Segantini et al, 2015 ; Ardiles and Ayala, 2017 ; Pasa et al, 2018 ; Ferreira et al, 2019 ; Fowler et al, 2020 ).…”

Plant Biostimulants Enhance Bud Break in Vitis vinifera Crimson Seedless Using Combination Treatments

“…The proposed molecular mechanisms of HC have assisted in developing less toxic commercial alternatives, such as plant biostimulants (PBs), which have been sold amongst agrochemical products over the last few years. Indeed, several PBs have shown a potential to enhance bud-break, compared to no treatment, in apple, grapevine, pear, sweet cherry, blackberry, peach, and kiwi [29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. However, very few reports, especially in the grapevine, exist of PBs that enhanced bud-break in a similar or superior manner to that of HC.…”