Spread of ‘unconventional viruses’ through sheep-brain rabies vaccines

Sc, Arya

doi:10.1016/0264-410x(91)90332-z

Vaccine

1991

DOI: 10.1016/0264-410x(91)90332-z

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Spread of ‘unconventional viruses’ through sheep-brain rabies vaccines

Arya Sc¹

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1993

1995

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“…Unfortunately, the vaccines used in these countries are often derived from nervous tissue and of questionable efficacy. Furthermore, some sheep brain vaccines are produced in areas of India where 20% of the flocks are estimated to be afflicted with scrapie (2). Nervous tissue-derived vaccines also may produce severe neurological complications, prompting those who need vaccination to often refuse it and to take their chances on survival.…”

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Cross-protection of mice against a global spectrum of rabies virus variants

Lodmell

Smith

Esposito

et al. 1995

J Virol

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Rabies, a continuing worldwide problem, kills tens of thousands of people and millions of animals each year.The problem is most severe in developing countries, where cell culture-derived vaccines are unaffordable and the available nervous tissue-derived vaccines are often of questionable immunogenicity and may produce neurological complications. To determine the feasibility of developing a vaccine with worldwide applicability, we investigated whether recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing either the glycoprotein (G), the nucleoprotein (N), or both the G and N (GN) of the challenge virus strain (CVS) of rabies virus would cross-protect mice against 17 rabies virus isolates representing the spectrum of rabies virus variants found worldwide. The results were compared with the commercially available human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV). Among mice injected with any of the 17 viruses, >95% were protected by vaccination with recombinant viruses expressing G or GN, and >85% of the mice were protected by the HDCV. The recombinant virus expressing N was less protective, protecting against only 11 of the 17 viruses. Antibody prepared against the G of the strains used in the vaccines neutralized all 17 viruses, and sera from mice infected with any one virus variant cross-neutralized all of the other viruses. Thus, no antigenic differences that would potentiate vaccine failures were identified. These studies suggest that a single rabies virus strain or its G would protect globally against wild-type rabies viruses.* Corresponding author. Phone: (406) 363-9360. Fax: (406) 363-9204. 4958LODMELL ET AL. J. VIROL.

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confidence: 99%

Cross-protection of mice against a global spectrum of rabies virus variants

Lodmell

Smith

Esposito

et al. 1995

J Virol

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Microbial Contaminants Found in Low Egg Passage Rabies Vaccine Used in Nigeria

Adeyemi

Ikheloa

Ogundipe

1993

Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B

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Summary Bacteriological and mycological examinations (cultural and biochemical characteristics) identified 4 pathogenic organisms as contaminants in 6 out of 7 LEP batch 20 rabies vaccines produced 1990 in Nigeria. Cryptococcus neoformans and Penicillium spp. were isolated from 5 vaccine samples, while one sample additionally also contained Rhizopus and Pseudomonas. One vaccine sample was negative for microbial contaminants. Improper conditions of vaccine production and storage are discussed.

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Spread of ‘unconventional viruses’ through sheep-brain rabies vaccines

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Cross-protection of mice against a global spectrum of rabies virus variants

Cross-protection of mice against a global spectrum of rabies virus variants

Microbial Contaminants Found in Low Egg Passage Rabies Vaccine Used in Nigeria

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