Spread of plasmid‐mediated nourseothricin resistance due to antibiotic use in animal husbandry

Hummel, R; Tschäpe, Helmut; Witte, Wolfgang

doi:10.1002/jobm.3620260806

Cited by 108 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…We first analyzed some general trends such as the connection between use in animal husbandry and the spread of resistance, previously suggested from studies of one or a few antibiotics at a time (Levy et al 1976;Holmberg et al 1984;Hummel et al 1986;Bager et al 1997;Fey et al 2000). We observe a clear and significant increase in resistance gene abundance both for antibiotics approved for animal use by the U.S. FDA (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Country-specific antibiotic use practices impact the human gut resistome

et al. 2013

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Despite increasing concerns over inappropriate use of antibiotics in medicine and food production, population-level resistance transfer into the human gut microbiota has not been demonstrated beyond individual case studies. To determine the ''antibiotic resistance potential'' for entire microbial communities, we employ metagenomic data and quantify the totality of known resistance genes in each community (its resistome) for 68 classes and subclasses of antibiotics. In 252 fecal metagenomes from three countries, we show that the most abundant resistance determinants are those for antibiotics also used in animals and for antibiotics that have been available longer. Resistance genes are also more abundant in samples from Spain, Italy, and France than from Denmark, the United States, or Japan. Where comparable country-level data on antibiotic use in both humans and animals are available, differences in these statistics match the observed resistance potential differences. The results are robust over time as the antibiotic resistance determinants of individuals persist in the human gut flora for at least a year.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Country-specific antibiotic use practices impact the human gut resistome

et al. 2013

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“…The relation between the application of antibiotics and the dissemination of bacterial resistance from animals to humans has been described by Hummel et al (1996). Also, the study by van den Bo g aar d et al (2001) confirmed that transmission of resistant clones and resistance plasmids of E. coli from poultry to humans commonly occurs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis in Poultry of Middle Moravia, Czech Republic

Kolář¹,

Bardoň²,

Šauer³

et al. 2005

Acta Vet. Brno

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The aim of the study was to detect antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis isolates from farm-reared poultry.During the period of June 2003 to June 2004, samples of cloacal swabs obtained from 5 poultry farms located in the central part of Moravia, Czech Republic were examined using aerobic cultivation and afterwards E. coli and P. mirabilis isolates were identified. Minimal inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics tested were determined by a microdilution method. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed using SmaI restriction endonuclease.A total of 300 samples of cloacal swabs from healthy layer hens were cultivated and 239 E. coli and 127 P. mirabilis strains were isolated. In the case of E. coli, 7 isolates (3%) from 4 different farms were identified manifesting resistance to ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin. Out of 24 P. mirabilis isolates resistant to the tested fluoroquinolones, 20 strains were isolated from one of the farms and PFGE analysis of DNA proved that 19 isolates were probably identical and represented one clonal type.The study confirmed the occurrence of multiresistant bacterial isolates with resistance to fluoroquinolones in poultry in the Czech Republic. Their clonal spread in farm-reared poultry can be suggested, too.

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“…Among these are a number of studies which unequivocally support the concern that use of antibiotics in food animals (particularly nontherapeutic use) impacts the health of people on farms and, more distantly, via the food chain (69,88,90,111). While it was hoped by many that the years of experience following the bans on nontherapeutic use of antimicrobials in Europe would clearly signal an end to this practice, arguments continue, largely along the lines of a cost/benefit ratio and perceived deficits in solid scientific evidence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food Animals and Antimicrobials: Impacts on Human Health

2011

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SUMMARY Antimicrobials are valuable therapeutics whose efficacy is seriously compromised by the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance. The provision of antibiotics to food animals encompasses a wide variety of nontherapeutic purposes that include growth promotion. The concern over resistance emergence and spread to people by nontherapeutic use of antimicrobials has led to conflicted practices and opinions. Considerable evidence supported the removal of nontherapeutic antimicrobials (NTAs) in Europe, based on the “precautionary principle.” Still, concrete scientific evidence of the favorable versus unfavorable consequences of NTAs is not clear to all stakeholders. Substantial data show elevated antibiotic resistance in bacteria associated with animals fed NTAs and their food products. This resistance spreads to other animals and humans—directly by contact and indirectly via the food chain, water, air, and manured and sludge-fertilized soils. Modern genetic techniques are making advances in deciphering the ecological impact of NTAs, but modeling efforts are thwarted by deficits in key knowledge of microbial and antibiotic loads at each stage of the transmission chain. Still, the substantial and expanding volume of evidence reporting animal-to-human spread of resistant bacteria, including that arising from use of NTAs, supports eliminating NTA use in order to reduce the growing environmental load of resistance genes.

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Spread of plasmid‐mediated nourseothricin resistance due to antibiotic use in animal husbandry

Cited by 108 publications

References 13 publications

Country-specific antibiotic use practices impact the human gut resistome

Country-specific antibiotic use practices impact the human gut resistome

Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis in Poultry of Middle Moravia, Czech Republic

Food Animals and Antimicrobials: Impacts on Human Health

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