Spread of Leishmania infantum in Europe with dog travelling

Maia, Carla; Cardoso, Luı́s

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2015.05.003

Cited by 106 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 145 publications

(188 reference statements)

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“…Seroprevalence of CVL in Southern Europe ranges from less than 5% to over 50% depending on the geographic region [33]. However, the prevalence of infection is significantly higher than both seroprevalence and apparent disease, due to sensitivity of serological techniques and because clinical signs usually only appear in less than half of the population, as in all endemic areas of the world [34].…”

Section: Geographic Distribution and Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil

Melo¹,

Silva²,

Silva³

et al. 2016

Canine Medicine - Recent Topics and Advanced Research

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Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a disease caused by a protozoon belonging to the genus Leishmania, and it is transmitted through the bite of sand flies. Endemic regions have widened, and canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) occurs mainly in the Mediterranean region and South America. There is no consensus on the risk factors associated with CVL, as results differ between the studied regions and countries. This chapter describes the main aspects of epidemiology, immunology, clinical signs, diagnosis treatment, and control of canine visceral leishmaniasis with emphasis on Brazil.

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Section: Geographic Distribution and Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The expansion of the CVL is associated with adjacent territories and often with global warming, which favors vector transmission, or with import of infected dogs to non-endemic areas, such as the United Kingdom and Poland [26,33].…”

Section: Geographic Distribution and Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil

Melo¹,

Silva²,

Silva³

et al. 2016

Canine Medicine - Recent Topics and Advanced Research

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“…CanL is regarded as an endemic disease along the Mediterranean coast, from Portugal to Turkey (Maia and Cardoso, 2015). However, an expanding trend has recently been noted, with cases being reported in northwestern Italy, as well as in other Central European countries (Maroli et al, 2008;Schönian et al, 2010), due to the spreading of sand fly populations, the extension of their breeding seasons and the shortening of their larval development, as a consequence of climate change (Killick-Kendrick, 1996;Desjeux, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, an expanding trend has recently been noted, with cases being reported in northwestern Italy, as well as in other Central European countries (Maroli et al, 2008;Schönian et al, 2010), due to the spreading of sand fly populations, the extension of their breeding seasons and the shortening of their larval development, as a consequence of climate change (Killick-Kendrick, 1996;Desjeux, 2001). Furthermore, the traveling and temporary or permanent relocation of dogs together with their owners may also facilitate the spreading of the disease throughout Europe (Maia and Cardoso, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Survey on Leishmania Infantum Infection in Red Foxes (Vulpes Vulpes) From Romania

Ionică¹,

Deak²,

Kalmár³

et al. 2017

BUASVMCN-VM

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Leishmania spp. (Kinetoplastida, Trypanosomatidae) are parasitic protozoans transmitted by sand flies to animals and humans. In Europe, the predominant species is Leishmania infantum, the agent of canine leishmaniasis (CanL) and of visceral (VL) and cutaneous (CL) forms in humans. Despite being regarded as a non-endemic country, recent data from Romania have shown the occurrence of autochthonous cases of human and canine infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of L.infantum in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from Romania. Between December 2016 and April 2017, 514 foxes originating from ten counties of Romania were evaluated and individual conjunctival swab samples were tested for the presence of L. infantum DNA by means of real-time PCR. All samples were negative. However, considering the new national epidemiological context, the importance of the red fox as sentinel and its potential role in the epidemiology of this disease in Romania should not be disregarded in the future.

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“…Cyprus, Greece, Albania, Croatia, Italy, Malta, France, Spain, and Portugal. It is estimated that about 700 autochthonous VL human cases due to L. infantum are reported yearly and the average seroprevalence in domestic dogs is up to 25%, which has exhibited an expansion toward new locations in Europe by the increased mobility of dogs in association with other determinants of global change, such as climatic alterations and international tourism (Maia & Cardoso 2015). Also, the major focal areas of human VL exhibit a high prevalence of seropositive dogs (Athanasiou et al 2012;Agallou et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Leishmania (L.) infantum in stray dogs by molecular techniques with sensitive species-specific primers

Silva

Richini-Pereira

Kikuti

et al. 2016

Veterinary Quarterly

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Background: Canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) is a worldwide parasitic zoonosis caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum around the world. Canids are the definitive hosts and sand flies the intermediate hosts.Objective: To test the hypothesis that a new species-specific primers (Lch14:Lch15, targeting a multiple alignment for L. infantum kDNA minicircle) is an efficient diagnostic tool for L. infantum. Methods: The presence of L. infantum DNA was assessed in blood samples of 69 stray dogs using the conventional PCR (cPCR) and quantitative PCR (qPCR). Additional 50 lymph nodes and 50 bone marrow samples (positive and negative samples for parasitological tests) from dogs from endemic and nonendemic areas for CVL were also used. Results: L. infantum strains, and all positive lymph node and bone marrow samples for parasitological test gave positive results for cPCR and qPCR, presenting analytical sensitivity of »10 0 parasite mL ¡1 . For the blood samples, 40/69 (58%; CI 95%; 46%-69%) resulted positive for L. infantum in both tests. All positive samples were confirmed by sequencing. Conclusion: This study showed the importance of the specific detection of L. infantum based on species-specific primers by molecular techniques, highlighting the application as a confirmation method in epidemiological studies and to adopt the best control measures.

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Spread of Leishmania infantum in Europe with dog travelling

Cited by 106 publications

References 145 publications

Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil

Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis in Brazil

Molecular Survey on Leishmania Infantum Infection in Red Foxes (Vulpes Vulpes) From Romania

Detection of Leishmania (L.) infantum in stray dogs by molecular techniques with sensitive species-specific primers

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