Spray Processable Green to Highly Transmissive Electrochromics via Chemically Polymerizable Donor–Acceptor Heterocyclic Pentamers

Abstract

Electrochromic polymers (ECPs) of tunable green: Two symmetrical donor-acceptor based oligomers were designed, synthesized and chemically polymerized affording solution-processable conjugated polymers of distinct green hues in their neutral state. The polyheterocyclic hybrids exhibited highly transmissive oxidized states, excellent optical contrasts both in the visible and in the near infrared, fast switching times and long-term redox switching stability as expected for practical ECP devices.

Roll‐to‐Roll fabrication of large area functional organic materials

“…74 With respect to spray coating especially the group of Reynolds has contributed to finding a series of polymers of different colors and optimizing the conditions for the use of this technique. [76][77][78][79][80] As can be seen from Table 1, a multitude of different colored polymer are available, and recently Dyer et al could announce that the color palette for spray-processable polymer electrochromics is complete. 93 The use of inkjet printing of polymer electrochromes is highly useful when wanting to create patterned EC devices.…”

The role of structural and electronic factors in shaping the ambipolar properties of donor–acceptor polymers of thiophene and benzothiadiazole

“…This type of -conjugation organic materials consist of electron-rich and electron-deficient units [12]. Some D-A polymers exhibited remarkable properties such as broad and strong absorption, narrow band gap, fast and reversible color changing, high conductivity [13][14][15][16]. In addition these groups of polymers present high stability during doping process with different charge carriers during the redox process that is considered to be one of the main processes to decrease the distance between HOMO and LUMO energy levels [17].…”

“…In addition these groups of polymers present high stability during doping process with different charge carriers during the redox process that is considered to be one of the main processes to decrease the distance between HOMO and LUMO energy levels [17]. This has pushed them to be employed in several electronic applications such as photovoltaic devices [17][18][19] organic field effect transistors [13] and electrochromic devices for instance smart windows and mirrors [15,20,21].…”

Understanding the colorimetric properties of quinoxaline-based pi-conjugated copolymers by tuning their acceptor strength: a joint theoretical and experimental approach

“…The rst method consists in modifying the donor fragments by changing either the nature of the aromatic ring 9 or the number of donor units used. 14,15 In the second method, the acceptor part can be modied by similar means to those described for the donor part. Several examples of acceptors bonded to thiophene-based donor have been reported: benzothiadiazole, 8 benzooxadiazole 10 and quinoxaline derivatives.…”