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The various collections of language biographies starting in the 1990s have given rise to a new field of investigation in sociolinguistics. The interest in the very individual, autobiographical viewpoint on languages in speakers’ own repertoires offers new insights for macrosociolinguistic research. These detailed corpora also provide data for microanalytical investigations into the specificity of autobiographical narrations, i.e. how speakers construe their language repertoires in the narrative interview setting. This contribution seeks to depict how the interest in LB emerged and subsequently describes the most important developments in LB research, which to date is still limited to the European arena. Since the field is still growing and is in need of formalization, this overview must remain incomplete. Finally, the contribution warns of pitfalls and highlights some fields where LB has provided important input, from language didactics to neurolinguistic studies.
The various collections of language biographies starting in the 1990s have given rise to a new field of investigation in sociolinguistics. The interest in the very individual, autobiographical viewpoint on languages in speakers’ own repertoires offers new insights for macrosociolinguistic research. These detailed corpora also provide data for microanalytical investigations into the specificity of autobiographical narrations, i.e. how speakers construe their language repertoires in the narrative interview setting. This contribution seeks to depict how the interest in LB emerged and subsequently describes the most important developments in LB research, which to date is still limited to the European arena. Since the field is still growing and is in need of formalization, this overview must remain incomplete. Finally, the contribution warns of pitfalls and highlights some fields where LB has provided important input, from language didactics to neurolinguistic studies.
Biographische und sprecher*innenzentrierte Zugänge erleben in den letzten Jahren in der linguistischen Forschung steten Zulauf. In diesem Beitrag werden zuerst sprachbiographischen Forschung und Arbeit vorgestellt, bevor thematisch gruppierte Literaturhinweise und Ressourcen gelistet werden.Die hier zusammengestellte Sammlung gibt eine Orientierung für Forschende, die sich mit sprachbiographischen Methoden beschäftigen möchten und stellt einige ausgewählte Onlineressourcen vor, die Daten und Projekte präsentieren. Der Fokus liegt dabei auf Ressourcen aus Deutschland, Österreich, der Schweiz und Südtirol -nicht zuletzt, weil in Bozen mit Rita Franceschini eine der ersten Forscher*innen tätig war, die den Begriff der Sprachbiographie geprägt hat. Biographische Forschung und biographische ArbeitBiographische Forschung baut auf verschiedenen Traditionen auf, die sich oft im Bereich der Literatur und Geschichte verorteten. Zu Beginn des 20. Jahrhunderts sorgte eine Studie der Soziologen Thomas und Znaniecki (1918) für Aufsehen, in der sie Beweggründe und Migrationserleben polnischer Migrant*innen in den USA beforschten. Dazu griffen sie auf Briefe, Tagebücher und autobiographische Erzählungen zurück. In ähnlicher Weise untersuchten Jahoda, Lazarsfeld und Zeisel ([1933] 2004) das Erleben von Arbeitslosigkeit und Resignation im niederösterreichischen Marienthal, indem sie die soziologischen Befunde zu Haushaltseinkommen und anderen Faktoren um autobiographische Texte und Interviews
Within sociolinguistic research on small languages like Low German, differentiation into new and native speakers has become established. The relationship between the two different groups of speakers is sometimes conceptualized as an insurmountable “gap”. In addition to different acquisition paths and competencies, identity discourses of belonging, authority and authenticity, as well as typical practices, are all crucial elements of these differences. Despite these differences, the intergenerational language-centered analog community of practice (CofP) “Plattdüütschkring” consisting of approximately 10 new and native speakers of the regional language Low German has existed since 2005. This article is based on an explorative case-study analyzing the network “Plattdüütschkring” as an example of successful cooperation between new speakers and native speakers on the basis of typical attitudes and linguistic practices. In order to gain authentic, subjectively experienced insights into identities, normative conceptions and individual language experiences within and outside the network, meta-linguistic reflections of the members themselves were analyzed. These meta-linguistic reflections were collected through narrative interviews with the same and different members at the two survey dates 2010/11 and 2020. The findings show norms of monolingual language use, narrative identities of a normative hierarchy of acquisition scenarios and competences as aspects of belonging. Social and learning-oriented and thus multiple individually appropriate functions of the network can explain the motivation for long-term membership. These outcomes help to understand the role of language attitudes in CofP in the language development of small languages as well as abstract characteristics of successful language-centered networks.
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